Objective To study the arrhythmia under Holter monitoring, in elderly cardiovascular patients with anxiety and depression. Methods Eighty elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases with anxiety and depression during the period from 2011 to 2012 were recruited as the observation group.Where as 70 elderly cardiovascular diseases patients without anxiety and depression were recruited as the control group. The incidence of arrhythmia under Holter monitoring was observed.And explanated the relationship between depression, anxiety and arrhythmia was diseases. Results The detection rate in arrhythmia of the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group with significant difference ( P<0.05).Conclusions Using Holter to monitor the elderly cardiovascular diseases patients with anxiety and depression exhibits that their anxiety and depression are closely related to the occurrence of arrhythmias. It have a wide range of applications which is worthy of use in clinical practice.