Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor of Itacitinib (ITA) on autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in mice. Methods A total of 30 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups with 10 mice in each group: a blank control group, a model group, and an ITA group. AIH models were established by tail vein injection of concanavalin A (Con A) at a dose of 25 mg/kg in the model and ITA groups, while the control group received an equal volume of normal saline. Thirty minutes after modeling, the ITA group was intraperitoneally administered ITA (10 mg/kg), whereas the control and model groups received an equal volume of saline. All mice were euthanized for 8 hours after the Con A injection, and serum and liver tissue samples were collected. Histopathological changes in liver tissues were observed using HE staining, and serum levels of liver function markers, inflammatory cytokines, as well as the infiltration proportions of CD3⁺ T cells and CD4⁺ T cells in liver tissue were measured. Results Compared with the blank control group, the model group exhibited significant liver enlargement, congestion, and spotted hemorrhages, disordered hepatic lobule structure and extensive hepatocellular necrosis; serum levels of ALT and AST, as well as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2 concentrations were significantly elevated; infiltration proportions of both CD3⁺ T cells and CD4⁺ T cells in the liver tissues also increased (P<0.05), indicating statistically significant differences. Compared with the model group, the ITA group showed obvious improvements in liver appearance and pathological structure, with reduced areas of liver damage, decreased serum ALT and AST levels and lower levels of TNF-α and IL-6; infiltration ratios of CD3⁺ T cells and CD4⁺ T cells in the liver tissue were also reduced (all P< 0.05), showing statistically significant differences. Conclusions ITA can effectively alleviate liver damage in Con A-induced AIH mice, possibly through inhibition of the JAK1 signaling pathway, thereby reducing T lymphocyte infiltration and the release of inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2).

Objective To analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis(OP) in postmenopausal women and investigate the correlation between bone turnover biomarkers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 273 postmenopausal women who participated in a health education program in a community of Beijing from April to December 2013. According to the WHO diagnostic criteria, the participants were divided into an OP group (101 cases) and a non-OP group (172 cases). General data, biochemical indicators and BTMs were collected, and dual-energy X-ray BMD was measured. Results The prevalence of OP in the postmenopausal women was 37.0%, which significantly increased with age (15.4% for <50 years old; 29.9% for 50-64 years old; 47.2% for ≥65 years old). Compared with the non-OP group, the OP group was older, and had a longer menopause duration, lower height, weight and body mass index (BMI), and higher levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) (P＜0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that lumbar BMD was positively correlated with height, weight and BMI, and negatively correlated with age, menopause duration, ALP, blood calcium, OC and type I collagen carboxy-terminal peptide (CTX) (P＜0.05). The correlation patterns of BMD in different sites with various indicators were different: lumbar BMD showed a stronger association with metabolic indicators, while proximal femoral BMD had a stronger correlation with mechanical factors. Logistic regression analysis identified menopause duration (OR=1.091, 95%CI: 1.001-1.181), ALP (OR=1.028, 95%CI: 1.006-1.047) and OC (OR=1.037, 95%CI: 1.002-1.071) as independent risk factors for OP. Conclusions Menopause duration, ALP, and OC are independent risk factors for OP in postmenopausal women. The correlation patterns of BMD in different sites with clinical indicators are different. Comprehensive use of these available indicators may facilitate the early identification and stratified management of high-risk OP populations in a community.

Objective To analyze the correlation between atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and small and dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) in community population, and to explore the clinical application value of AIP in community physical examinations. Methods A total of 721 residents from Daxing District of Beijing who participated in physical examinations from January to October 2018 were selected. General information, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and blood lipid indexes were collected. The subjects were grouped according to AIP quartile, and the baseline characteristics of each group were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between AIP and each index. Logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the relationship between AIP, sdLDL-C and the elevated FBG (defined as FBG≥6.1 mmol/L), meanwhile adjustments were made on confounding factors such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking and alcohol consumption. Results With the increase of AIP quartile, BMI, FBG and sdLDL-C significantly increased, while HDL-C significantly decreased (P＜0.01). Correlation analysis showed that AIP was significantly positively correlated with sdLDL-C (P＜0.01). Logistic regression results showed that compared with AIP Q1 group, the risk of elevated FBG of Q3 group (OR=2.03,95% CI:1.26-3.26,P=0.003) and Q4 group (OR=2.64,95% CI:1.63-4.27, P＜0.001) significantly increased after the adjustment of confounding factors. In the adjusted group, sdLDL-C showed independent correlation with AIP in Q4 group (OR=2.19,95% CI:1.38-3.47,P=0.001). Conclusions There is a significant positive correlation between AIP and sdLDL-C in the community population, and both are significantly related to the elevated FBG. As a simple and readily available calculation index, AIP can partially replace sdLDL-C when detection of the latter is unavailable, and can be used to identify individuals with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism and high risk of atherosclerosis.

Objective To explore the ambulatory blood pressure features of the hypertensive convalescents with relatively well-controlled blood pressure, and to analyze the current status and independent risk factors of impaired blood pressure regulation function, so as to provide evidence-based support for precise rehabilitation and health management of hypertension in this population. Methods A total of 91 patients with primary hypertension and relatively well-controlled blood pressure were recruited from a convalescent center. All subjects underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and general clinical data and multi-dimensional ABPM indicators were collected. Impaired blood pressure regulation function was determined by non-dipping/reverse-dipping circadian rhythm, elevated nocturnal systolic blood pressure load, and increased blood pressure variability. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors. Results Among the 91 study subjects, 72 cases were identified with impaired blood pressure regulation function, with a prevalence rate of 79.12%. Specifically, dipping(18 cases), non-dipping(56 cases) and reverse-dipping(17 cases) rhythms accounted for 19.78%, 61.54% and 18.68% respectively, with a mean nocturnal systolic blood pressure decline rate of (3.44±6.31)%. The impaired group had significantly higher proportions of elevated nocturnal systolic blood pressure, increased nocturnal systolic blood pressure load, age≥60 years, and abnormal blood pressure circadian rhythm compared with the normal group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis confirmed that elevated nocturnal systolic blood pressure load (OR=1.132, P=0.010), increased 24-hour systolic blood pressure coefficient (OR=3.008, P=0.020), and abnormal blood pressure circadian rhythm (OR=18 353.043, P=0.010) at baseline were independent risk factors for impaired blood pressure regulation function. Conclusions Multi-dimensional ABPM indicators can serve as a core means to evaluate the quality of blood pressure control and identify high-risk populations. Hypertension management should shift from“numerical compliance”to“function, rhythm, and quality compliance”.

Objective To explore the effect of low-frequency ultrasonic debridement combined with functional dressing in the outpatient treatment of chronic wounds caused by training injuries of military officers and soldiers. Methods A total of 60 military personnel with chronic wounds from the outpatient department of Jingnan Medical District of PLA General Hospital from October 2024 to October 2025 were selected, and randomly divided into a study group (low-frequency ultrasonic debridement combined with silver alginate dressing) and a control group (conventional mechanical debridement with silver alginate dressing), with 30 patients in each group. Both groups received treatment for two weeks. The therapeutic effect, debridement time, symptom resolution time, wound bacterial culture positivity rate before treatment and 2 weeks after treatment, wound pain score, incidence of adverse reactions, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results After 2 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate of the study group was 96.67%, and the scores for all dimensions of quality of life and nursing satisfaction were better than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The debridement time of the study group [(15.35±2.33) days], the inflammation symptom resolution time [(5.48±2.33) days], the bacterial culture positivity rate in the wound 2 weeks after debridement (13.89%), and the pain score [(3.32±1.18) points], were all better than those of the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). No adverse reactions were observed in either group. Conclusions The treatment with low-frequency ultrasonic debridement combined with silver alginate dressing can accelerate the healing of chronic wounds, shorten the debridement time and inflammation resolution time, relieve the debridement pain, provide no adverse reactions in the wound, and improve the quality of life and nursing satisfaction, which can be used for outpatient treatment of chronic wounds in military personnel.

Objective To investigate the influence of an intervention model based on vascular access core on the self-efficacy of patients undergoing blood purification. Methods A total of 98 patients undergoing blood purification at the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected and divided into two groups, with 49 patients in each group. The control group received conventional intervention, while the observation group was additionally given an intervention mode based on vascular access core. Both groups were intervened for 6 months. Medical coping style, self-efficacy level, incidence of vascular access complications, and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results Medical coping styles improved in both groups after intervention. The scores of confrontation of the observation group were higher than those of the control group [(25.38±3.73) vs. (20.21±3.16)], while the scores of resignation and avoidance were lower than those of the control group [(8.32±1.62) vs. (10.29±1.96) (10.13±1.42) vs. (13.27±1.85)], and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The self-efficacy was elevated in both groups after intervention; the scores of event coping, problem-solving, and goal achievement in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(12.63±2.17) vs. (10.29±1.86) (10.85±1.32) vs. (8.92±1.17) (11.52±1.42) vs. (8.47±1.17)], and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of vascular access complications between the two groups. The satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The intervention mode based on vascular access core is effective for blood purification patients, which can improve their medical coping styles, enhance their self-efficacy, and increase their satisfaction. It shows no significant effect on the reduction of vascular access complications within the 6-month observation period, but it still has clinical promotion value overall.

Objective To compare the efficacy of flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy combined with endoureterotomy versus laparoscopic ureterolithotomy combined with resection of the stenotic ureteral segment and end-to-end anastomosis in the treatment of proximal impacted ureteral stones with ureteral stenosis of different lengths (<10 mm vs. 10-20 mm). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 105 patients with proximal impacted ureteral stones complicated by ureteral stenosis who were treated at Jiangsu Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force between January 2020 and December 2024. According to the length of the stenosis, the patients were divided into group A (<10 mm, n=60) and group B (10-20 mm, n=45). Each group was further subdivided into a flexible ureteroscopy subgroup and a laparoscopy subgroup based on the surgical approach. The operation time, postoperative length of hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complication rate, stone-free rate at 1 month, and ureteral patency rate at 6 months were statistically analyzed and compared between the subgroups. Results In group A, both the flexible ureteroscopy and laparoscopy subgroups achieved high stone-free rates(91.4% vs. 96.0%) and ureteral patency rates (94.3% vs. 100%), with no statistically significant differences between the two approaches. The flexible ureteroscopy subgroup demonstrated significant advantages over the laparoscopy subgroup in terms of shorter operation time[(63.1±9.5) min vs. (91.1±6.5) min], less intraoperative blood loss[(39.6±7.8) ml vs. (57.0±6.3) ml], shorter postoperative hospital stay[(3.7±0.6) d vs. (6.8±0.5) d], and a lower postoperative complication rate (8.6% vs. 28.0%). In group B, the laparoscopy subgroup achieved significantly higher stone-free rates (96.3% vs.72.2%) and ureteral patency rates (92.6% vs. 66.7%) than the flexible ureteroscopy subgroup. However, laparoscopy was associated with a longer operation time [(92.6±5.4) min vs. (62.7±10.4) min], greater intraoperative blood loss[(57.9±6.4) ml vs. (34.3±4.4) ml], and a longer postoperative hospital stay[(6.9±0.6) d vs. (3.7±0.8) d]. Conclusions For impacted ureteral stones complicated by short-segment ureteral stenosis (<10 mm), flexible ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy combined with endoureterotomy can be considered the preferred treatment option. In contrast, for impacted ureteral stones associated with longer ureteral stenosis (10-20 mm), laparoscopic ureterolithotomy combined with resection of the stenotic segment and end-to-end anastomosis provides superior stone clearance and ureteral patency, representing a more reliable therapeutic strategy.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Juanbi plaster combined with conventional western medicine in the treatment of post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis and its effect on inflammatory markers. Methods A total of 118 patients with traumatic knee osteoarthritis treated in the outpatient and inpatient departments of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of General Hospital of PLA Eastern Theater Command from November 2024 to November 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group (treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs) and an observation group (treated with Juanbi plaster acupoint application based on NSAIDs), with 59 cases in each group. A total of 10 patients were excluded due to loss to follow-up and poor compliance, and 108 cases were finally included (50 in the control group and 58 in the observation group). The clinical efficacy, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scores, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, and Lysholm knee scores before and after treatment were analyzed in both groups. Results The proportions of clinical control and marked effectiveness in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and there was a significant linear trend in efficacy distribution (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS pain scores, total scores of WOMAC, and Lysholm knee joint scores of both groups were lower than those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significantly greater reduction in VAS pain scores, WOMAC scores, functional scores and Lysholm knee joint scores, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05), especially the reduction in VAS pain score during the acute phase,which decreased more significantly,with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).Regarding inflammatory markers, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and procalcitonin (PCT) decreased significantly in both groups after treatment (P<0.05); the reduction in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Juanbi plaster combined with conventional western medicine can relieve the joint pain and promote the functional recovery of the knee joint in patients with traumatic knee arthritis.

Objective To systematically compare the effects of four types of dressings on long-term scar quality of deep second-degree burn wounds after enzymatic debridement. Methods A total of 125 patients with deep second-degree burns who were hospitalized in the Burn Department of Characteristics Medical Center of PLA Air Force from January 2019 to December 2024 were retrospectively included and divided into four groups according to the dressing type used after enzymatic debridement: Suprathel group (group A, 32 cases), MepilexAg group (group B, 28 cases), Mepitel group (group C, 35 cases), and Jelonet group (group D, 30 cases). The primary outcome measure was scar elasticity (R2) at 12 months, and secondary indicators included transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin index, scar thickness, wound healing time, pain score, Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), and SF-36 quality of life score. Results At 12 months, the scar elasticity R₂ in group A (0.79±0.09) was significantly superior to that in group D (0.69±0.11) , and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.009). The TEWL [(10.8±2.8) g/(m²·h)], melanin index (165.2±24.5) and scar thickness (1.35±0.28) mm in group A were lower than those in group D (14.2±3.5)g/(m²·h), (185.6±29.1), (1.72±0.36) mm, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The wound healing time [(13.2±3.1)d], number of dressing changes [(2.5±1.0)times] and pain score [(3.0±1.0)points] were also superior to those in group D (15.8±3.9 days, 11.5±2.6 times, 4.8±1.5 points), and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). At 12 months, group A showed significantly better VSS total score 2.0 (1.0, 4.0), POSAS patient total score 12.0 (9.0, 15.0) and SF-36 PCS (78.5±8.2) compared with the group D 4.0 (3.0, 6.0), 18.0 (14.0, 21.0), (71.5±9.6), and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Groups B and C were better than Group D, but the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions After enzymatic debridement, the application of synthetic membrane dressings Suprathel in deep second-degree burn wounds may be superior to other types of dressings in improving long-term scar quality.