20 February 2026, Volume 37 Issue 2

    

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
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  Meta-analysis of the long-term efficacy of intense pulsed light therapy for dry eye associated with meibomian gland dysfunction

  ZHANG Shede, XIE Qinjian, GONG Qinyjia, YUE Yahong

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 93-97.

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  Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light(IPL) therapy for dry eye associated with meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD). Methods A computerized search was conducted in the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, CNKI, CBM, and VIP database to collect clinical randomized controlled trails (RCTs) investigating IPL for MGD-associated dry eye.The quality of the included studies was assessed, and meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Results A total of 11 RCTs were included. During the 3-month follow-up, compared with the meibomian gland expression(MGX) group, the IPL combined with MGX group significantly increased schirmer and reduced the ocular surface disease index scores, althought no statistical differences were observed in corneal fluorescein staining and tear meniscus height. Compared with the sham treatment group, IPL significantly improved meibomian gland expressibility and meiboscore and meibomian gland quality, but no statistical difference was noted in corneal fluorescein staining. During the 6-month follow-up, compared with the MGX group, the IPL combined with MGX group showed significant improvement in meibomian gland yielding secretion score, but no statistical difference was found in schirmer. Compared with the sham treatment group, IPL significantly prolonged tear break-up time and reduced the ocular surface disease index scores. During the 8-month follow-up, the IPL combined with MGX group significantly increased the tear break-up time and improved corneal fiuorescein staining, althought no significant difference was found in meiboscore and schirmer. At 9-month follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences in tear break-up time, corneal fiuorescein staining, meibomian gland yielding secretion score in the combined treatment group. The standard patient evaluation of eye dryness questionnaire scores showed instability during this period. No serious adverse events were reported in the available data. Conclusions IPL combined with MGX or IPL alone can effectively improve most signs and symptoms of MGD-associated dry eye over a longer period,but the therapeutic effect gradually decreases after 9 months.
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  Study on the correlation and diagnostic efficiency and related indicators with non-overweigh/Obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

  REN Yan, QIU Linjie, LI Jixin, LI Meijie, ZOU Chacha, WU Zijing, ZHANG Jin

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 98-105.

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  Objective To explore the correlation between arm circumference (AC), arm -to-height ratio (AHtR), arm-to-thigh ratio(ATR), and arm--muscle ratio (AMR) and non-overweight/obese individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as their predictive value. Methods A total of 1,472 non-overweight/obese adults who underwent health check-ups at Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from January 2018 to September 2024 were included. Baseline levels were compared based on whether they had NAFLD. EmpowerRCH 4.1, was used to analyze the relationships between AC, AHtR, ATR, AMR and the prevalence and the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) of NAFLD in non-overweight/obese individuals. To assess the robustness of the research results, subgroup analyses were conducted based on gender, age, smoking status, and presence of hypertension and diabetes. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of AC, AHtR, ATR, and AMR for NAFLD in non-overweight/obese individuals. Results A total of 1472 eligible check-up records were included in this study. After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes and hypertension, each 1-unit increase in AC, ATR and AHtR was associated with 91%, 24% and 72% higher odds of NAFLD, respectively, and with increments of 1.08, 0.33 and 1.47 units in HSI. Conversely, every 1-unit increase in AMR reduced the odds of NAFLD by 49% and lowered HSI by 0.56 units. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for AC, AHtR, ATR, and AMR were 0.793, 0.688, 0.656 and 0.636, respectively, and there were statistically significant differences between them (P<0.05). Conclusions In non-overweight/obese individuals, AC, ATR, AHtR and AMR exhibit significant nonlinear positive associations, whereas AMR shows a significant non-linear inverse association with both NAFLD prevalence and HSI level, while AMR shows significant nonlinear negative correlations with the prevalence and HSI levels of NAFLD. AC, AHtR, ATR and AMR can all serve as early diagnosis of NAFLD in non-overweight/obese individuals, and AMR has better diagnostic efficacy.
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  Analysis of the incidence and related factors of pleural injury after percutaneous nephrolithotomy

  SHEN Xuecheng, SHEN Junchao, CHEN Si, ZHU Anyang, JIA Zhenzhen

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 106-110.

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  Objective To analyze the incidence and related factors of pleural injuries after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 78 patients who underwent PCNL via the 12th rib superior approach in the Department of Urology of Anhui Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force from February 2023 to May 2025. The basic information (gender, age, BMI, stone size, disease duration, and complications), surgical conditions (side of surgery, stone location, puncture calyx, puncture approach), and the relationship between the costoclavicular angle (VA) and pleural injury were evaluated. Results A total of 78 patients underwent PCNL via the 12th rib superior approach. There was no relationship between the gender, age, BMI, stone size, duration of illness, complications, side of surgery, stone location, and chest injuries among the patients. 14 patients developed pleural injuries, which were divided into a pleural injury group, including 8 cases of pneumothorax, 5 cases of pleural effusion, and 1 case of hemothorax, and 64 patients did not have pleural injuries, which were divided into a control group. The constituent ratio of pleural injuries was significantly higher when the puncture site was in the superior calyx than when it was in the middle and lower calyces; the constituent ratio of pleural injuries was higher in the 10th intercostal space than in the 11th intercostal space(5/9 vs. 4/60) , and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05); the number of cases with RVA 40°-45° in the pleural injury group was significantly higher than that with RVA46°-50° and RVA>50°, and the number cases with RVA 40°-45° in the control group was significantly lower than that with RVA46°-50° and RVA>50; when compared between groups, the percentage of cases with RVA40°-45° and RVA>50° was significantly different; the mean RVA in pleural injury group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(44.32°±3.46°) vs. (52.17°±4.32°)], and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions The higher the puncture site in the superior calyx of the kidney and the smaller the RVA, the greater the chance of pleural injury; RVA is closely related to pleural injuries and can be used as an important predictive factor for the occurrence of pleural injuries after PCNL.
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  Analysis of serological high-risk factors and construction of diagnostic model for patients with patent foramen ovale and migraine

  LI Yinglong, ZHANG Boyin, TAO Dayun, PAN Yuchi, MA Wei, REN Lina, ZHU Hang

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 111-116.

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  Objective To investigate the high-risk factors of patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) complicated with migraine(MA) , and to establish and validate a risk diagnostic model based on clinical and laboratory indicators. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of PFO patients admitted to the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 1 2021, to December 31 2024. The patients were stratified into groups based on the presence or absence of migraine, and demographic characteristics along with laboratory parameter data were collected. LASSO regression was utilized for feature selection, with selected variables subsequently incorporated into multivariable logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Discriminative performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration performance was assessed through calibration curves and Brier scores, and 10-fold cross-validation was implemented to evaluate the stability of the model. Results A total of 346 patients aged 18-65 years were included. In univariable analyses, age, sex, WBC, gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT), serum creatinine (SCr), homocysteine (HCY), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and fibrinogen (FIB) were associated with the outcome of migraine (P＜0.05). Multivariable analysis identified elevated HCY as an independent risk factor (OR=1.341, 95% CI:1.241-1.463, P＜0.001), while lower ESR (OR=0.817, 95% CI: 0.764-0.867, P＜0.001) and age 51-65 years (OR=0.270, 95% CI: 0.113-0.626, P=0.003) were protective factors. The constructed model demonstrated excellent discrimination and calibration (AUC=0.914, 95% CI: 0.883-0.944), with consistent performance on internal cross-validation. Conclusions Elevated homocysteine (HCY) concentration is a high-risk factor for migraine in patients with PFO, while a lower ESR level and the age range of 51-65 years are protective factors. The multivariable model established based on the screened features exhibits good predictive efficacy and can provide guidance for the risk assessment and personalized management of PFO patients with migraine.
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  Value of ultrasound elastography in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and its correlation with clinical pathological features

  WU Xiaowei, QIAN Wei, CHEN Xulan

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 117-122.

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  Objective To explore the value of ultrasound elastography in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its correlation with clinical pathological features. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 120 patients with PTC and 120 patients with benign thyroid nodules admitted to Characteristics Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force between June 2020 and June 2025. The strain ratio (SR) and ultrasound elastography score (ES) of all study subjects were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of SR and ES for PTC, and the correlation between SR, ES and the clinical and pathological features of PTC patients was analyzed. Results The differences in SR, ES and microvascular density (MVD) between the study group and the control group were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The ROC curve results showed that the AUC values for the diagnostic accuracy of PTC using ultrasound elasticity imaging parameters SR, ES, and their combined use were 0.844 (95%CI:0.777~0.911), 0.841 (95%CI:0.761~0.921), and 0.903 (95%CI:0.844~0.961), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in SR and ES among PTC patients with different TNM stages, capsular invasion, number of lesions, differentiation grade, extra-glandular invasion, lateral neck lymph node metastasis, and central zone lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05). Conclusions Ultrasound elastography has high diagnostic value for PTC. The SR and ES parameters of ultrasound elastography are closely related to the clinical pathological features of PTC patients. Analysis of related parameters can help determine the severity of PTC invasion.
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  Meta-analysis of the risk prediction model of residual pain after vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in China

  CHANG Mengjing, CUI Lin, ZHENG Xuemei, SHENG Jun, LIU Da, LIAO Dongfa

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 123-131.

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  Objective To systematically evaluate the risk prediction models of residual pain after vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in China, and to provide references for clinical practice. Methods Relevant studies were retrieved from databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMbase. The search period was from the establishment of the database to May 31, 2025. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST), and a meta-analysis of the high-frequency predictors was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Results A total of 24 articles were included, including 33 prediction models. The total sample size ranged from 45 to 610 cases. The C-index of the included models was 0.774-0.94, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.70-0.94. The results of the PROBAST showed that the overall applicability of the included risk prediction models was good, but the risk of bias was high, which was related to the data source of the study subjects, the blind control of outcome assessment, the handling of missing data, and the imperfect evaluation of model performance. Conclusions Fascial injury, intravertebral vacuum fissure, bone cement distribution, and bone density are common high-frequency predictors. Clinicians should pay special attention to these factors. The risk prediction models for residual pain after vertebral augmentation surgery for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in China still have deficiencies. In the future, the quality of related model research should be further improved, and the external validation and clinical applicability research of the model should be strengthened.
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  Prediction value of low-dose CT features and NRF2 and Ki-67 expressions for poorly differentiated invasive non-mucinous lung adenocarcinoma

  ZHANG Yujuan, JIANG Yuyan, LIN Jiankun, CHEN Simin, LIU Changhua

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 132-139.

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  Objective To construct a machine learning prediction model for poorly differentiated invasive non-mucinous lung adenocarcinoma (INMA) based on the quantitative and qualitative features of low-dose CT (LDCT) and the expression of NRF2 and Ki-67 in tissues, and to verify its efficacy. Methods The data of 196 INMA patients from January 2023 to January 2025 in the 73rd Army Group Hospital of PLA Army were retrospectively collected as the training set. Another 85 INMA patients’ data from February 2025 to July 2025 were selected as the test set at a ratio of 7∶3. The training set was divided into high/moderately differentiated (n=146) and poorly differentiated (n=50) groups according to the differentiation degree of the lesions. Univariate analysis, LASSO regression, and multivariate logistic regression were conducted on the variables, and the independent predictive factors were selected to establish machine learning prediction models of logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and support vector machine (SVM). The predictive value of the models constructed by the four methods was compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results The independent predictors selected by univariate, LASSO regression and multivariate Logistic included mean nodule diameter, nodule volume, mean nodule density, NRF2 expression, and Ki-67 index. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the LR, SVM, RF, and XGBoost machine learning models in the training set were 0.958, 0.952, 0.977, and 0.987, respectively. The XGBoost model demonstrated the highest accuracy 94.39%, sensitivity 96.00%, and AUC, outperforming other models. Conclusions The XGBoost model based on the quantitative and qualitative features of low-dose CT and the expression of NRF2 and Ki-67 in tissues can accurately predict the risk of developing poorly differentiated INMA, providing evidence-based basis for early identification and targeted intervention in high-risk patients.
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  Influence of biofeedback training on the autonomic nervous system of healthy young men at plateau areas

  CHEN Junhua, ZHANG Chun, HUANG Weifang, YANG Chunmei, ZHANG Cunxin

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 140-145.

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  Objective To investigate the effect of short-term biofeedback training (BFT) on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) of healthy young men stationed at plateau areas. Methods A total of 120 personnel who had been stationed at high altitudes (above 3000 meters) for a long time were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 60 people in each group.,Both groups conducted physical training in accordance with the training subjects, training times and aerobic and anaerobic training methods stipulated in the training syllabus, maintaining the same dietary and living patterns, and the experimental group received BFT intervention, while the control group did not. The heart rate variability (HRV) indicators of the research subjects were measured before training and at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weekends after the start of training to evaluate the ANS function of the subjects. Results During the follow-up period, due to incomplete data collection, a total of 56 people in the experimental group and 42 people in the control group were finally included in the study. After BFT intervention, the time-domain HRV indicators SDNN, RMSSD, and PNN₅₀ in the experimental group showed an upward trend and were significantly higher than those before the experiment at the 3rd week (P＜0.05), and this trend persisted until the 4th week (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the time-domain HRV indicators of the control group at the four time points (P>0.05). The frequency-domain HRV indicators of TP and HF showed an upward trend, and were significantly higher than those before the experiment at the 3rd and 4th weeks (P＜0.05). LF/HF also showed an upward trend and was significantly higher than that before the experiment at the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks (P＜0.05), while the control group remained relatively stable, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The low-frequency power normalization (LFn) in the experimental group tended to decrease overall, and its value was significantly lower than the baseline level at the 3rd and 4th weeks (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the control group at the four time points. Conclusions BFT can effectively improve the ANS function of healthy young men stationed at plateau areas.
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  Related factors for surgical site infection in patients with diabetes undergoing plate fixation for distal radius fractures

  ZHANG Tian, ZHANG Shang, LUO Yangtian, LI Huijuan, FU Wanli, LI Minghao

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 146-150.

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  Objective To explore the related factors of surgical site infection (SSI) in diabetic patients undergoing plate fixation for distal radius fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 897 patients who suffered from diabetes mellitus and underwent palmar locking plate fixation for unstable distal radius fractures in the Henan Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force from January 2012 to June 2023. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether SSI occurred. Univariate analysis was used to compare the factors, and binary variable multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of SSI. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of the model. Results Among the 897 patients, 43 patients (4.79%) developed SSI. The results of univariate analysis showed that the SSI group was significantly younger than the non-SSI group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.029), and the SSI group proved significantly higher than the non-SSI group in terms of proportion of male ,smoking, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, general anesthesia ratio [n, general/region, bone grafting ratio and blood loss, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Regarding preoperative laboratory tests, the SSI group had significantly higher white blood cell count, whereas significantly lower red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, sodium, and albumin than the non-SSI group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that male gender (OR=2.83, 95%CI: 1.33～5.99, P=0.007), ASA classification Ⅳ (OR=4.41, 95%CI: 1.47～13.25, P=0.008), smoking (OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.20～4.69, P=0.013), and bone grafting (OR=3.20, 95%CI: 1.18～8.68, P=0.022) were independent risk factors for SSI development. The area under the ROC curve of the predictive model was 0.771, demonstrating good discriminative ability. Conclusions For diabetic patients undergoing palm locking plate treatment for unstable distal radius fractures, special attention should be paid to high-risk patients such as males, those with worsened systemic diseases, those with a smoking history, and those requiring bone grafts. It is recommended to quit smoking before the surgery, strictly optimize blood sugar control, reasonably select indications for bone grafting, strengthen infection prevention measures during the perioperative period, and develop individualized monitoring plans to reduce the risk of surgical site infection and improve patient prognosis.
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  A predictive model for prostate cancer constructed by dual-modal ultrasound and biparametric MRI radiomics technology

  SUN Ya, BAI Dong, MA Yahui, ZHOU Nan, WANG Jiajun, LIANG Lei

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 151-155.

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  Objective To construct and validate a combined model for preoperative noninvasive prediction of prostate cancer (PCa) using radiomic features from dual-modal ultrasound (B-mode+shear wave elastography) and biparametric MRI (T₂WI+ADC). Methods A total of 232 patients with prostate mass lesions who visited the Aerospace Center Hospital from January 2023 to October 2025 were selected, including 127 cases of PCa and 105 cases of benign conditions. All patients underwent dual-modal ultrasound and biparametric MRI examinations. After manual delineation of the lesions, high-throughput radiomics features were extracted. Feature selection was performed using LASSO regression, and independent clinical risk factors (age, PSA density) were integrated. Four models were constructed and compared: a clinical model, an ultrasound radiomics model, an MRI radiomics model, and a combined model. The performance was evaluated via five-fold cross-validation. Results The combined model demonstrated the best diagnostic efficacy in the validation set, with an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84-0.97), significantly higher than the AUCs of the clinical model (0.76), the ultrasound radiomics model (0.78), and the MRI radiomics model (0.85) (all P<0.05). Decision curve analysis confirmed its greater net clinical benefit across a wide threshold range. Conclusions The validated combined model integrating multimodal radiomics and clinical factors can significantly improve the accuracy of preoperative noninvasive diagnosis of PCa, demonstrating robust performance and high clinical applicability.
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  Clinical efficacy of sodium hyaluronate eye drops combined with hot compress patches in the treatment of dry eye syndromes

  ZHOU Xibin, WANG Jing, WANG Lihua, GUO Guixian, WANG Wenjing

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 156-160.

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  Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of sodium hyaluronate eye drops combined with hot compress patches in the treatment of dry eye syndromes. Methods A multicenter prospective real-world clinical study was conducted, involving 303 patients with dry eye syndrome. The efficacy were evaluated at 1 week and 4 weeks of treatment through dry eye questionnaire, visual fatigue score, Schirmer I test, corneal fluorescein staining, and tear film break-up time. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate reached 94.0%. The dry eye questionnaire scores and visual fatigue scores at 1 week and 4 weeks of treatment were lower than those before treatment, and the scores at 4 weeks of treatment were lower than those at 1 week of treatment (P<0.01). The Schirmer I test values of both eyes at 1 week and 4 weeks of treatment were higher than those before treatment, and those at 4 weeks of treatment were higher than those at 1 week of treatment (P<0.01). The corneal fluorescein color scores at 1 week and 4 weeks of treatment were lower than those before treatment, and the scores at 4 weeks of treatment were lower than those at 1 week of treatment (P<0.01). The tear film break-up time at 1 week and 4 weeks of treatment was longer than that before treatment, and the time at 4 weeks of treatment was longer than at 1 week of treatment (P<0.01). The incidence of adverse events was 0.03%, with no serious adverse events or drug-related reactions. Conclusions Sodium hyaluronate eye drops combined with hot compress patches can effectively improve dry eye symptoms, reduce corneal damage and prolong the stability of the tear film. A 4-week treatment course is safe and effective, but the long-term efficacy needs further verification.
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  Efficacy of plum blossom needle combined with minoxidil tincture in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia

  DUAN Feng, HE Xin, NIU Xiaofang, SHEN Ying

  Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 161-164.

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  Objective To analyze the efficacy of plum blossom needle combined with minoxidil tincture in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Methods The research subjects were 120 patients with androgenetic alopecia who visited the dermatology outpatient department of Henan Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force from January 2023 to December 2024, and they were randomly divided into a control group (n=60, treated with minoxidil tincture) and an experimental group (n=60, treated with plum blossom needle combined with minoxidil tincture). The hair growth status, hair loss symptom scores and clinical treatment effective rates of the two groups before treatment and after the completion of the treatment cycle of 12 weeks were compared. Results After completing the cycle treatment, the hair growth rate of the experimental group was faster than that of the control group (110.22±26.89)μm/d vs. (36.98±7.97)μm/d, and the hair growth length was also longer than that of the control group (20.92±8.06)mm vs. (6.72±1.53)mm, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). After the completion of the cycle treatment, the reduction rate of the scores of greasiness, pruritus and hair loss symptoms in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Compared with the control group (78.33%), the total effective rate of treatment in the experimental group (96.67%) was significantly higher, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). Conclusions Plum blossom needle combined with minoxidil tincture in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia is definite, and can effectively alleviate the symptoms of hair loss and promote hair growth, which has a high clinical application value.