Objective To study the influence of venous leukocyte depletion on CD11/18 and CD14 leukocytes in canine Escherichia coli sepsis. Methods Canine models of Escherichia coli sepsis were established by infusing the live Escherichia coli (O111∶B4) via vein. Eighteen hybrid dogs were anesthetized intravenously and randomly divided into two groups: the filtration group and the control group. The filtration group dogs underwent venous leukocyte depletion. T_0′was set at the time of beginning infusion of the live Escherichia coli (O111∶B4), T₀ was set at the time of beginning venous leukocyte depletion. Mean arterial pressure, pulse, body temperature, red blood cell concentration, platelet concentration, leukocyte concentration, TNF-α concentration, IL-6 concentration in serum, CD11/18 expression, and CD14 expression in both groups were measured at T_0′, T₀, T₁ and T₅. Results There were no significant differences in pulse, red blood cell concentration, platelet concentration, TNF-α concentration, and IL-6 concentration between the two groups. Mean arterial pressure at T₁ in the filtration group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). The body temperature and leukocyte concentration at T₁ in the filtration group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). CD11/18 expression of neutrophils at T₅ in the filtration group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). CD14 expression of monocytes at T₁, T₅ in the filtration group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Venous leukocyte depletion improves canine hemodynamics, depresses leukocyte concentration, depresses the expression of the CD11/18 of neutrophils, CD14 of monocytes, whereas does not affect the inflammatory factor in serum.