Objective To study the effect of high-flux hemodialysis combined with levocarnitine on uremic pationts with refractory anemia. Methods Fifty-six patients with refractory anemia in maintenance hemodialysis were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal group ( 14 cases) underwent conventional hemodialysis, 3 times a week; L-carnitine group (14 cases) was given levocarnitine 1 g on common hemodialysis basis, 3 times a week; high-flux dialysis group (14 cases) received high- flux hemodialysis,3 times a week; high-flux hemodialysis plus L-carnitine group (14 cases) was given levocarnitine 1 g on high-flux hemodialysis basis, 3 times a week. Blood routine and biochemical indicators were examined after treatment for 3 and 6 months, and statistical analysis was made. Results The conventional hemo dialysis group and L-carnitine group had no improvement in anemia; high-flux hemo dialysis group and high-flux hemodialysis plus L-carnitine group improved in anemia, with statistically significant difference, compared with the conventional hemodialysis group (P＜0.05); high-flux hemodialysis combined with L-carnitine group, compared with high-flux hemodialysis group, had remarkable curative effect, with statistically significant difference ( P＜0.05 ). Conclusion High-flux hemodialysis combined with L-carnitine is effective in the treatment of uremic patients with refractory anemia