Objective To study the effects of combined sufentanil and sevoflurane postconditioning on inflammatory response in traumatic hemorrhagic shock patients. Methods 120 hemorrhagic shock adult patients for emergency operations on general anesthesia were divided into six groups randomly (n=20). Patients in group S, C1 received sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg intravenously 30 min before blood transfusion; patients in group S1 and C1 received 0.5 MAC sevoflurane for 10 min before blood transfusion; and group S2, C2 received 1 MAC sevoflurane for 10 min before blood transfusion; patients in group C did not receive any postconditioning. Blood samples were taken from radial artery before sufentanil injection(T0), 30 min after sufentanil injection(T1), 2h and 24h after sevoflurane postconditioning(T2, T3) for determination of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and ICAM-1 levels. Results TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and ICAM-1 levels in groups S, C1, C2 were different from those in groups C, S1 and S2 at T1(P<0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and ICAM-1 levels in groups S, S2, C1, C2 were different from those in groups C at T2 (P<0.05); and there were significant differences between group C2 and the other test groups (P<0.05). The IL-6 levels in groups S2, C1, C2 were different from group C at T3 (P<0.05), and the IL-8 levels in groups C1 and C2 were different from those in group C (P<0.05). Conclusions Combined sufentanil and sevoflurane postconditioning inhibits inflammatory response by reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines in traumatic hemorrhagic shock patients, thus protecting their organs.