Objective To study the efficacy of endometrial stem cell transplantation for patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Methods Patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (n=23) were recruited. Endometrial stem cells were transplanted into the liver by intravenous infusion. Some indexes were checked in one week after the treatment, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, respectively; these indexes included liver function, AFP, cholinesterase, liver fibrosis index of laboratory, clinical symptoms and adverse reaction condition. Results The clinical symptoms and signs in most patients were improved significantly after treatment. Endometrial stem cell transplantation treatment decreased the liver function TBIL, ALT, AST, AFP compared with those before treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant; ALB and CHE were significantly higher than those before treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Liver fibrosis indexes LN, HA, PC- Ⅲ, Ⅳ (especially HA) were lower than before treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions For endometrial stem cell transplantation in the treatment of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, their clinical symptoms were significantly improved, according to short-term observation, the therapy is safe and reliable, with less adverse reactions, it is worthy of further clinical research.