Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout among the newly recruited young male soldiers in Hohhot City in 2013, and to know how the young men contracted hyperuricemia. Methods A cluster sampling was conducted. 1002 newly recruited young soldiers were investigated in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, who came from Shandong, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia, and the peripheral venous blood 2 ml samples were collected, EDTA anticoagulation, saved at 4 ℃, for serum uric acid (SUA) level detection when new recruit had physical examination test. The survey was conduct according to regressive analysis by SPSS13.0 software. Logistic regressive model of major pathogenic factors of hyperuricemia was constructed for the single factor of statistically significant difference(P<0.05)and was analyzed latterly. Results (1) The prevalence of HUA was 38.9% in young men. The mean of SUA was (474.18±87.40) μmol/L in HUA group. The mean of SUA was (355.85±49.07) μmol/L in normal uric acid group. The prevalence of gout was 0%. (2)The values of BMI, cholesterol, triglyceride in HUA group were higher significantly than those in the normal group (t=-6.254, -3.977, -4.025, P<0.01). (3)The results of the logistic regression showed that BMI≥25,drinking white spirit and beer,capacity for liquor≥500 ml/week were the independent risk factors of hyperuricemia. Conclusions We should reduce the food offered that is rich of fat, sugar and purine, when we should ensure nutrition of soldiers. Our purpose is reduce hyperuricemia to preserve and ensure fighting capacity of force.