Objective To study the high risk factors of premature rupture of membranes(PROM), the independent risk factors of preterm premature rupture of membranes(PPROM)and their effect on the modes of delivery and pregnancy outcomes.Methods The clinical data of 1105 pregnant women with PROM treated in the Army General Hospital between January 2013 and March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Results (1)The incidence of PROM was 16.3%,that of PPROM was 2.8% and that of term premature rupture of membranes(TPROM) was 13.5%.(2)The main risk factors of PROM were the history of abortion or induced labor,reproductive tract infections,gestational diabetes,pregnancy with anemia, gestational hypertension disease, intrauterine pressure increases(abnormal fetal position, multiple pregnancies, macrosomia, and polyhydramnios),and uterine malformation.(3)The proportion of reproductive tract infections,multiple pregnancies,abnormal fetal positions,previous abortion or induced labor,gestational hypertension disease,gestational diabetes,placenta previa,and pregnancy with anemiain PPROM group was much higher than that in TPROM group,and the difference was significant.(4)The proportion of reproductive tract infections,multiple pregnancies,abnormal fetal positions,previous abortion or induced labor,placenta previa,and pregnancy with anemia were independent risk factors of PPROM(OR=3.387, 95%CI:1.468-13.337;OR=3.533, 95%CI:1.892-13.993,OR=1.680,95%CI:1.005-2.807,OR=1.635,95%CI:1.127-2.372,OR=3.020,95%CI:1.841-15.977,OR=3.177,95%CI:1.294-7.798,P<0.05).(5).The incidence of cesarean sections,puerperal infections,neonatal pneumonia,and neonatal asphyxia in PPROM group was significantly higher than that in TPROM group (P<0.05).Conclusions The risk factors of PROM are diverse and complicated. A good knowledge of the risk factors has important implications for clinical prevention and treatment of PROM and PPROM in particular.