Value of serum IL-10 level in evaluating the prognosis of bacillus calmette-guerin bladder perfusion therapy in the treatment of T1 non-muscular invasive bladder cancer

WANG Kaijian; HUANG Wei; LI Wei; SHEN Hongfeng

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Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10) : 860-866.

Value of serum IL-10 level in evaluating the prognosis of bacillus calmette-guerin bladder perfusion therapy in the treatment of T1 non-muscular invasive bladder cancer

WANG Kaijian, HUANG Wei, LI Wei, SHEN Hongfeng

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Abstract

Objective To investigate the value of serum IL-10 level in evaluating the prognosis of bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG) bladder perfusion therapy in the treatment of T1 non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 149 patients with high-risk T1 NMIBC who received BCG bladder perfusion therapy and transurethral electrotomy for bladder tumor (TURBT) from January 2017 to December 2021. General data of patients were collected and blood routine results of patients with TURBT 1 week before surgery were recorded. The results of cystoscopy were recorded and analyzed 3 months after operation. Serum samples were collected before and during BCG induction therapy, and serum IL-10 levels were detected by human IL-10 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, and comparative analysis was performed. Results Among 149 cases, 45 cases recurred within 6 months after induction therapy and were considered as non-responders to BCG, and the other 104 patients were considered responders. Serum IL-10 levels in non-responders were significantly higher than those in non-responders before BCG infusion into the bladder (baseline), in the early and middle stages of induction therapy and after treatment (P＜0.05). When baseline serum IL-10≥242.55 pg/ml, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting BCG treatment response was 0.729, the sensitivity was 66.70%, and the specificity was 74.0%. Changes in serum IL-10 levels from baseline to the last time point also distinguished well between BCG responders and non-responders (AUC=0.676). During a median follow-up of 42 months, 69 cases of tumor recurrence occurred. Patients were divided into high-risk group and low-risk group with median GSIL-10 value. The high risk group had a shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P＜0.001) and a lower RFS rate (P=0.011) than the low risk group. COX proportional hazard regression analysis confirmed that high serum IL-10 level at baseline (HR=2.042, P=0.007) was an important variable for tumor recurrence in patients treated with BCG bladder perfusion. Conclusions Serum IL-10 may be a reliable marker for predicting the response and prognosis of NMIBC to BCG.

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bacillus calmette-guerin bladder perfusion therapy / interleukin Il-10 / non-muscular invasive bladder cancer / recurrence-free survival / treatment response

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WANG Kaijian, HUANG Wei, LI Wei, SHEN Hongfeng. Value of serum IL-10 level in evaluating the prognosis of bacillus calmette-guerin bladder perfusion therapy in the treatment of T1 non-muscular invasive bladder cancer[J]. Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2024, 35(10): 860-866

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