Objective To analyze the efficiency and accuracy of tooth root movement during invisible bracketless orthodontic treatment for adults using three-dimensional (3d) digital technique. Methods A total of 86 patients who received orthodontic treatment at Characteristics Medical Center Affiliated to Military Medical University of PLA Air Force from February 2023 to February 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 43 patients in each group. The control group received traditional invisible bracketless orthodontic treatment, while the experimental group received the traditional treatment combined with 3d digital technique. Before and after the treatment, periodontal indicators (GI, SBI, PLI, SPD), occlusal function indicators [bite force, chewing function score], inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), oxidative stress indicators (SOD, MDA, ROS), and root movement rate and accuracy were recorded. Results Periodontal indicators of the experimental group: GI (0.66±0.31) vs. (0.90±0.21), SBI (0.15±0.07) vs. (0.46±0.25), PLI (1.09±0.69) vs. (2.12±0.85) were all lower than those of the control group, and SPD (3.18±1.22) mm vs. (2.59±1.13) mm was higher than that of the control group. Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Levels: IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,MDA, and ROS were all lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Three-dimensional accuracy: deviations at crown top, root tip, and root depth decreased by 19.2%, 18.6%, and 20.0%, respectively, with angular deviation reduced by 19.6%.Functional recovery: bite force increased by 22.9%, and chewing function score improved by 29.1%. Antioxidant capacity: SOD activity rose by 25.8%. There was a significant directional difference in tooth root movement efficiency: mesiodistal(46.4%), buccal (50.0%), depressional (40.3%), lingual (38.8%), buccolingual (37.5%), and elongational (27.7%). mesiodistal (46.4%), buccal (50.0%), depressional (40.3%), lingual (38.8%), buccolingual (37.5%), and elongational (27.7%). Conclusions Three-dimensional digital technique can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of tooth root movement in the process of adult orthodontic invisible bracketless orthodontic treatment, and has clinical application value.
Key words
3D digital technique /
orthodontics /
invisible bracketless orthodontic treatment /
root movement efficiency /
accuracy
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