Meta-analysis of the risk prediction model of residual pain after vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in China

CHANG Mengjing; CUI Lin; ZHENG Xuemei; SHENG Jun; LIU Da; LIAO Dongfa

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Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2) : 123-131.

Meta-analysis of the risk prediction model of residual pain after vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in China

CHANG Mengjing^1,2, CUI Lin^1,3, ZHENG Xuemei^2,4, SHENG Jun², LIU Da², LIAO Dongfa²

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Abstract

Objective To systematically evaluate the risk prediction models of residual pain after vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in China, and to provide references for clinical practice. Methods Relevant studies were retrieved from databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMbase. The search period was from the establishment of the database to May 31, 2025. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST), and a meta-analysis of the high-frequency predictors was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Results A total of 24 articles were included, including 33 prediction models. The total sample size ranged from 45 to 610 cases. The C-index of the included models was 0.774-0.94, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.70-0.94. The results of the PROBAST showed that the overall applicability of the included risk prediction models was good, but the risk of bias was high, which was related to the data source of the study subjects, the blind control of outcome assessment, the handling of missing data, and the imperfect evaluation of model performance. Conclusions Fascial injury, intravertebral vacuum fissure, bone cement distribution, and bone density are common high-frequency predictors. Clinicians should pay special attention to these factors. The risk prediction models for residual pain after vertebral augmentation surgery for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in China still have deficiencies. In the future, the quality of related model research should be further improved, and the external validation and clinical applicability research of the model should be strengthened.

Key words

osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures / vertebroplasty / residual pain / risk prediction model / systematic review / evidence-based nursing

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CHANG Mengjing, CUI Lin, ZHENG Xuemei, SHENG Jun, LIU Da, LIAO Dongfa. Meta-analysis of the risk prediction model of residual pain after vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in China[J]. Medical Journal of the Chinese People Armed Police Forces. 2026, 37(2): 123-131

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