[1] Kolb B, Mychasiuk R, Gibb R. Brain development, experience, and behavior[J]. Pediatr Blood Cancer, 2014,61(10):1720-1723.
[2] Seubert C N, Zhu W, Pavlinec C, et al. Developmental effects of neonatal isoflurane and sevoflurane exposure in rats[J]. Anesthesiology, 2013,119(2):358-364.
[3] The U.S. Food and drug administration. FDA Drug safety communication: FDA review results in new warnings about using general anesthetics and sedation drugs in young children and pregnant women[EB/OL].(2017-04-17)[2018-09-25].https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm532356.htm.
[4] The U.S. Food and drug administration. FDA approves label changes for use of general anestheticand sedation drugs in young children[EB/OL].[2018-09-25]. https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm554634.htm.
[5] Zheng S Q, An L X, Cheng X, et al. Sevoflurane causes neuronal apoptosis and adaptability changes of neonatal rats[J]. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 2013,57(9):1167-1174.
[6] Wang S Q, Fang F, Xue Z G, et al. Neonatal sevoflurane anesthesia induces long-term memory impairment and decreases hippocampal PSD-95 expression without neuronal loss[J]. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2013,17(7):941-950.
[7] Shen X, Liu Y, Xu S, et al. Early life exposure to sevoflurane impairs adulthood spatial memory in the rat[J]. Neurotoxicology, 2013,39:45-56.
[8] Zhou X, Song F H, He W, et al. Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane causes apoptosis and reduces nNOS protein expression in rat hippocampus[J]. Mol Med Rep, 2012,6(3):543-546.
[9] Fan C H, Peng B, Zhang F C. The postoperative effect of sevoflurane inhalational anesthesia on cognitive function and inflammatory response of pediatric patients[J]. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2018,22(12):3971-3975.
[10] Davidson A J, Disma N, de Graaff J C, et al. Neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age after general anaesthesia and awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international multicentre, randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet, 2016,387(10015):239-250.
[11] Miller T L, Park R, Sun L S. Report on the Fifth PANDA Symposium on “Anesthesia and Neurodevelopment in Children”[J]. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol, 2016,28(4):350-355.
[12] Zhao Y, Chen K, Shen X. Environmental enrichment attenuated sevoflurane induced neurotoxicity through the PPAR-γ signaling pathway[J].Biomed Res Int,2015,2015:107149.
[13] Amrock L G, Starner M L, Murphy K L, et al. Long-term effects of single or multiple neonatal sevoflurane exposures on rat hippocampal ultrastructure[J]. Anesthesiology, 2015,122(1):87-95.
[14] Yon J H, Daniel J J, Carter L B, et al. Anesthesia induces neuronal cell death in the developing rat brain via the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways[J]. Neuroscience, 2005,135(3):815-827.
[15] Song Q, Ma Y L, Song J Q, et al. Sevoflurane induces neurotoxicity in young mice through FAS/FASL signaling[J]. Genet Mol Res, 2015,14(4):18059-18068.
[16] Cui R S, Wang K, Wang Z L. Sevoflurane anesthesia alters cognitive function by activating inflammation and cell death in rats[J]. Exp Ther Med, 2018,15(5):4127-4130.
[17] Wang Q, Zhao Y, Sun M, et al. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose attenuates sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation through nuclear factor-kappa B pathway in vitro[J]. Toxicol In Vitro, 2014,28(7):1183-1189.
[18] Zhang L, Zhang J, Yang L, et al. Isoflurane and sevoflurane increase interleukin-6 levels through the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway in neuroglioma cells[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2013,110 (Suppl 1):i82-91.
[19] Wang W, Lu R, Feng D Y, et al. Sevoflurane Inhibits Glutamate-Aspartate Transporter and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression in Hippocampal Astrocytes of Neonatal Rats Through the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) Pathway[J]. Anesth Analg, 2016,123(1):93-102.
[20] Hu Z Y, Jin H Y, Xu L L, et al. Effects of sevoflurane on the expression of tau protein mRNA and Ser396/404 site in the hippocampus of developing rat brain[J]. Paediatr Anaesth, 2013,23(12):1138-1144.
[21] Tao G, Zhang J, Zhang L, et al. Sevoflurane induces tau phosphorylation and glycogen synthase kinase 3β activation in young mice[J].Anesthesiology,2014,121(3):510-527.
[22] Lv X, Yan J, Jiang J, et al. MicroRNA-27a-3p suppression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ contributes to cognitive impairments resulting from sevoflurane treatment[J].J Neurochem,2017,143(3):306-319.
[23] Ma R, Wang X, Peng P, et al. α-Lipoic acid inhibits sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis through PI3K/Akt signalling pathway[J].Cell Biochem Funct,2016,34(1):42-47.
[24] Yufune S, Satoh Y, Akai R, et al. Suppression of ERK phosphorylation through oxidative stress is involved in the mechanism underlying sevoflurane-induced toxicity in the developing brain[J]. Sci Rep, 2016,6:21859.
[25] Wang W Y, Jia L J, Luo Y, et al. Location- and subunit-specific NMDA receptors determine the developmental sevoflurane neurotoxicity through ERK1/2 signaling[J]. Mol Neurobiol, 2016,53(1):216-230.
[26] Goyagi T. The additional oxygen as a carrier gas during long-duration sevoflurane exposure ameliorate the neuronal apoptosis and improve the long-term cognitive function in neonatal rats[J]. Brain Res, 2018,1678:220-230.
[27] Zhang M Q, Ji M H, Zhao Q S, et al. Neurobehavioural abnormalities induced by repeated exposure of neonatal rats to sevoflurane can be aggravated by social isolation and enrichment deprivation initiated after exposure to the anaesthetic[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2015,115(5):752-760.
[28] Lee J R, Lin E P, Hofacer R D, et al. Alternative technique or mitigating strategy for sevoflurane-induced neurodegeneration: a randomized controlled dose-escalation study of dexmedetomidine in neonatal rats[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2017,119(3):492-505.
[29] Wang W Y, Yang R, Hu S F, et al. N-stearoyl-L-tyrosine ameliorates sevoflurane induced neuroapoptosis via MEK/ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway in the developing brain[J]. Neurosci Lett, 2013,541:167-172.
[30] Zhang D X, Zhang L M, Zhao X C, et al. Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin against sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis in primary rat cortical neurons involving the EPOR-Erk1/2-Nrf2/Bach1 signal pathway[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2017,87:332-341.