目的 调查驻广西某部营区红火蚁分布现状、危害情况、现行防制措施,为制定科学有效的防制策略提供依据。方法 采用人工踏查法调查分析2024年4-9月驻广西某部营区内红火蚁活蚁巢分布及密度情况,采取问卷调查方法调查分析红火蚁危害及防制现状。结果 共发放《红火蚁防制现状调查表》172份,收回有效调查表164份(95.35%),60个(36.59%)营区未发现红火蚁活蚁巢,104个(63.41%)营区发现红火蚁活蚁巢,其中58个营区分布于北回归线以南热带气候区,46个营区分布于北回归线以北亚热带地区;94个营区(57.32%)官兵有红火蚁蜇伤史,症状均较轻。164个营区中,进行红火蚁防制营区135个(82.32%),其中59个(43.70%)营区采用单一防制方法,采用2种及以上联合防制方法营区76个(56.30%),杀蚁药使用率及其有效性评价均高于其他防制方法。结论 驻广西某部营区红火蚁分布较广,危害大,自行防制措施存在一定弊端,应制定科学合理的防制策略,提高官兵有害生物防制能力。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current distribution, damage condition and existing control measures of solenopsis invicta, thus providing a basis for developing scientific and effective control strategies. Methods A manual tramping survey was adopted to investigate and analyze the distribution and density of solenopsis invicta nests in the camps of a military unit stationed in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region from April to September 2024. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the damage caused by solenopsis invicta and the current status of their prevention and control. Results A total of 172 copies of the “Investigation Form on the Control Status of Solenopsis Invicta” were distributed, and 164 valid questionnaires were retrieved (95.35%). Solenopsis invicta nests were not detected in 60 camps (36.59%), while such nests were found in 104 camps (63.41%). Among these 104 infested camps, 58 were located in the tropical climate zone south of the Tropic of Cancer, and 46 were situated in the sub-tropical zone north of the Tropic of Cancer. Military officers and soldiers in 94 camps (57.32%) had a history of being stung by solenopsis invicta, with all cases presenting mild symptoms. Of the 164 surveyed camps, 135(82.32%) had implemented prevention and control measures against solenopsis invicta. Among these 135 camps, 59(43.70%) adopted a single control method, whereas 76(56.30%) adopted a combined control strategy involving two or more methods. The utilization rate and effectiveness evaluation of ant-killing pesticides were both higher than those of other control methods. Conclusions Solenopsis invicta are widely distributed and pose significant threats in the camps of the military unit stationed in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. The camp-implemented control methods have inherent drawbacks, and scientific and reasonable control strategies should be formulated to enhance the ability of military personnel to control the pest.
关键词
红火蚁 /
有害生物 /
分布 /
防制现状 /
调查
Key words
solenopsis invicta /
pests /
distribution /
current control status /
investigation
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