目的 探讨急进高原过程中血常规指标的动态变化与适应机制。方法 选取80 名健康男性官兵,急进高原0、2、30、90、120 d检测血常规,观察各项指标变化。结果 急进4300 m高原后,WBC总数无明显波动,中性粒细胞计数及百分比在急进高原后2 d显著升高,后逐渐恢复至急进高原0 d水平,淋巴细胞计数及百分比在急进高原后90 d显著升高,与急进高原0 d对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);红细胞计数在急进高原后明显上升,在30 d后趋于稳定,HGB、平均红细胞体积等指标在急进高原2、30、90 d逐渐升高,与急进高原0 d对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),90 d后全面稳定;血小板初期轻微应激升高,后续下降,120 d 时显著低于急进高原0 d(P<0.05),但仍在正常范围之内。结论 急进4300 m高原后,机体造血与免疫系统呈现时序性适应特征,红细胞系统以90 d为习服稳定节点,血小板呈初期升高,后期下降的波动规律,这些变化可能与缺氧诱导因子通路调控、铁代谢平衡及免疫调整密切相关。
Abstract
Objective To explore the dynamic changes of blood routine indicators and adaptation mechanisms during rapid ascent to high altitude. Methods A total of 80 healthy male soldiers were selected, whose blood routine was tested at 0, 2, 30, 90, and 120 days after rapid ascent to high altitude, and the changes of each indicator were observed. Results After rapid ascent to high altitude, the total WBC count showed no significant fluctuation. Neutrophil count and percentage significantly increased on the 2nd day and gradually returned to the 0 day level. Lymphocyte count and percentage significantly increased on the 90th day, showing statistically significant differences compared to the 0 day level (P<0.05). The RBC count significantly rose after rapid ascent and tended to stabilize after 30 days. HGB and mean corpuscular volume gradually increased on the 2nd, 30th, and 90th days, showing significant differences compared to the 0 day level (P<0.05), and fully stabilized after 90 days. PLT count initially showed a slight stress-induced increase, followed by a decline, and was significantly lower than the 0 day level at 120 days (P<0.05), but still within the normal range. Conclusions After rapid ascent to 4300 m high altitude, the hematopoietic and immune systems of the body exhibit sequential adaptive features. The red blood cell system stabilizes at 90 days after rapid ascent, while the PLT count shows a fluctuating pattern of initial increase and later decrease. These changes may be closely related with hypoxia-inducible factor regulation, iron metabolism balance and immune adjustment.
关键词
急进高原 /
白细胞 /
红细胞 /
血小板 /
低氧适应
Key words
rapid ascent to high altitude /
white blood cells /
red blood cells /
platelets /
hypoxia adaptation
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基金
甘肃省科技重大专项(25ZDFA007);甘肃省科技计划项目(25JRRA1192);兰州市科技计划项目(2023-ZD-174)
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