目的 通过比较根管治疗术一次法与多次法的临床效果，为其在部队医院的推广使用提供依据。方法 选择我院2008-09至2010-10门诊220例患者（每位患者各一颗牙），随机分为实验组116例和对照组104例。实验组采用根管治疗术一次法，对照组采用传统的根管治疗术多次法。结果 经治疗实验组治愈102例，无效14例，治愈率为87.9%，对照组治愈95例，无效9例，治愈率为91.3%，差异无统计学意义。结论 根管治疗术一次法的疗效与根管治疗术多次法相当，但减少了患者的就诊次数，节约了成本，值得在临床推广。

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of one-visit root canal therapy against multi-visit treatment, and to provide evidence for clinical application in other hospitals. Methods 220 patients from the Department of Stomatology were randomly divided into two groups. The trial group (n=116) underwent one-visit root canal treatment while the control group (n=104) was treated by multi-visit. Cortisomol was prepared for root canal filling in both groups. Results The overall percentage of successful root filling was 87.9% in trial group and 91.3% in control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions The one-visit root canal therapy reduces the number of visits and cost of treatment. The clinical effect between one-visit and multi-visit therapies shows no significant difference. One-visit root canal therapy effectively reduces absences of daily training in the troops, worthy of popularization in clinical practice.