目的 评价经阴道超声对卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤的诊断意义，探讨进一步提高诊断符合率的可能性。方法 对33例经病理证实的卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤的超声表现及诊断进行分析总结。结果 33例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤患者均为单发。其中23例为卵巢单房样囊肿，经阴道超声做出提示性诊断20例，2例误诊为卵巢子宫内膜囊肿，1例误诊为卵巢囊实性包块，诊断符合率为86.9%（20/23）；10例为单侧卵巢多房样囊肿，超声做出提示性诊断6例，4例误诊为卵巢黏液性囊腺瘤，诊断符合率为60%（6/10）。结论 对于卵巢单房样浆液性囊腺瘤，经阴道超声可较为准确地做出诊断，而对于多房样浆液性囊腺瘤，尤其是囊液内伴有点状回声者，经阴道超声较难做出正确的提示。

Objective To evaluate transvaginal ultrasonography in diagnosis of ovarian serous cystdenoma and explore the possibility of higher accurate rates of diagnosis. Methods The findings of transvaginal ultrasonography were analyzed in 33 patients with ovarian serous cystdenoma proved by surgery, and the diagnostic accuracy was discussed. Results All the thirty-three patients with ovarian serous cystdenoma were single, 23 of whom had unilocular cysts and 20 were diagnosed accurately by transvaginal ultrasonography. The accurate rate was 86.9%（20/23）. The other ten had multilocular cysts,six of whom were diagnosed accurately by transvaginal ultrasonography. The accurate rate was 60%(6/10). Conclusion Transvaginal ultrasonography can contribute more to the diagnosis of ovarian unilocular serous cystdenoma than to multilocular ones, especially those with spottyechoes in the cystic liquid.