目的 探讨在面对退役特殊生活事件时，战士的个性特征及应对方式对其心理健康的影响。方法 在退役前3个月随机抽取365名战士进行症状自评量表（symptom checklist 90,scl-90）、艾森克人格问卷（eysenck personality questionaire, EPQ）和应对方式问卷（Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire）的测评。结果 (1)退役前期战士的心理健康状况与内外倾有非常显著负相关(P<0.01),与神经质和精神质有非常显著正相关(P<0.01);与不成熟型及混合型应对方式有非常显著正相关（P<0.01）。(2) 人格特质中神经质对心理健康总分有极为显著的正向预测作用（P<0.001）。（3）自责和合理化在神经质预测心理健康总分的过程中起部分中介作用。结论 在面对退役特殊应激事件时，战士个体的人格特质既对心理健康有直接预测作用，也可以通过应对方式对心理健康产生影响。

Objective To investigate the personality characteristics and coping style of soldiers to beretived confronting special events and their effects on mental health. Method 365 soldiers to be retired after retired 3 months were recruited at for evaluation using symptom checklist ( Symptom Checklist 90, SCL-90), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Eysenck Personality Questionaire, EPQ ) and Coping Style Questionnaire ( Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire ) evaluation. Results (1) Early mental health status of soldiers to be retired and extraversion-introversion were very significantly negatively correlated (P<0.01), and neuroticism and psychoticism had very significant positive correlation (P<0.01); and immature and mixed coping style had very significant positive correlation (P<0.01). (2) Personality trait of neuroticism on mental health scores had very positive effects (P<0.001). (3) Self-reproach and rationalization in neuroticism predicting mental health scores played a partial mediating effect. Conclusions Individual personality plays a role in predicting mental health and also has impact, on mental health by coping style.