目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy， LC)中意外胆囊癌(incidental gallbladder carcinoma， IGC)的临床病理特征。方法 收集我院2001-07至2012-04收治的40 512例腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发意外胆囊癌129例并进行临床病理回顾性分析。结果 意外胆囊癌多发于老年和女性患者。大体形态表现为胆囊壁不规则增厚，黏膜粗糙，多伴有胆囊结石、慢性胆囊炎及胆囊息肉。好发部位为胆囊体部，病理类型主要为腺癌，以中度分化及低度分化为主。病程较长，大多处于临床中晚期，多数患者预后较差。结论 重视患有胆囊结石、慢性胆囊炎及胆囊息肉等老年女性患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术术前检查，对早期诊断及有效预防意外胆囊癌的发生具有非常重要的意义。

Objective To study the clinicopathological features of incidental gallbladder carcinoma (IGC) diagnosed in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods A total of 129 patients with IGC were selected from the 40512 patients with LC performed from July 2001 to April 2012 in this hospital to analyze retrospectively their clinical and pathological data. Results Old people and females have high incidence of IGC. The gallbladder with IGC often has thickened wall and coarse mucosa, many of them are accompanied by gallstone, chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder polyps. IGC of gallbladder frequently originate in the body. The adenocarcinoma is the most pathological type of IGC, majority of which show moderate or poor differentiation. The most of IGC have long course of disease and lie in the middle or late clinical stage. Overall the prognosis of IGC is very poor. Conclusions The examination before LC should be emphasized in the old female patients who suffer from benign diseases, such as gallstones, chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder polyps, etc. Its significance is very important to early diagnoze and effectively prevent the IGC.