目的 观察乙型肝炎(简称:乙肝)相关性肝移植术后接种乙肝疫苗预防乙肝复发的临床指标，探讨影响疫苗应答的相关因素。方法 观察了9例应用乙型肝炎基因重组疫苗主动免疫的乙肝相关肝移植术后患者，分别在术后0、1、2、6个月接种，每次60 μg，检测血清抗-HBs的滴度。结果 9例中，2例出现完全应答，停用乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(hepatitis B immunoglobulin，HBIG);3例部分应答，HBIG减量，4例无应答。结论 乙肝疫苗是预防乙肝相关性肝移植后乙肝复发的策略之一。接种时抗体滴度可能会增加疫苗的应答率。

Objective To study the clinical characteristics after hepatitis B vaccination in liver transplant patients for hepatitis B virus (HBV) related diseases and analyze the factors that influence the response. Methods Nine patients received three intramuscular doses (60ug) of a recombinant vaccine at months 0, 1, 2 and 6 and the anti-HBs titers were tested regularly. Results Overall sustained response to vaccination was 22.2 % (2/9), which were completely free of HBIG at the end of the six months follow-up. Three patients had part response, which reduced the amount of HBIG. Four patients had no response. Conclusions Hepatitis B vaccination is one of the prophylaxis of HBV recurrence to the liver transplant patients for HBV related diseases. Anti-HBsAb level at time of vaccination probably yields good response.