目的 通过对围术期预防性应用抗菌药物合理性进行干预前后的对比分析，探索围术期合理应用抗菌药物的干预模式，促进临床合理用药。方法 依据国家有关抗菌药物的管理规定采取系列干预措施，在干预前和干预后分阶段分别从出院患者手术病历中随机抽取300例作为非干预组、第一次干预组、第二次干预组，对围术期抗菌药物的使用情况进行回顾性调查分析，并对干预前、后使用抗菌药物的合理性进行对比。结果 经过实施系列干预措施，围术期抗菌药物消耗平均费用由干预前1285.16元依次下降至819.75元与634.07元;抗菌药物使用的综合合理率由干预前8.67%逐步提高至23.67%与47.33%。结论 本研究针对合理用药所采用的干预措施是可行和有效的，对保障围术期预防应用抗菌药物的安全性、有效性、经济性和合理性可起到积极的促进作用，具有一定的借鉴意义。

Objective To study the good intervention method of antimicrobial drugs rationally used in perioperative period by contrastive analysis of the rationality of perioperative prophylactic antibiotics used before and after the intervention, to promote rational use of antibiotics. Methods According to the relevant regulations of antimicrobial agents to take a series of interventions on antimicrobial drugs use in perioperative period. 300 surgical patients were randomly recruited from the hospital discharge records and divideal into, the non intervention group, the first intervention group, and the second intervention group by intervention phase. The perioperative use of antibacterial drugs were retrospectively analyzed, and rational use of antimicrobial drugs before and after intervention were compared. Results The average cost of perioperative antibiotics consumed was 1285.16 yuan before the intervention, which decreased to 819.75 yuan and 634.07 yuan after the intervention. The rate of rational use of antimicrobial drugs was 8.67% before the intervention,which gradually increased to 23.67.00% and 47.33% after intervention. Conclusions The rational drug interventions in this study are effective and feasible, which can play a positive role in promoting safe, effective, economical and rational use of antimicrobial drugs in perioperative prevention.