目的 评价甲型流感病毒两种快速检测方法的临床诊断效能。方法 分别采用化学显色法和荧光法检测流感样病例咽拭子标本377例，同时采用实时荧光定量PCR进行验证，以评价两种方法的临床诊断效能。结果 化学显色法与荧光法检测的灵敏度分别为79.08%和90.2%，特异性分别为91.96%和95.09%，两种方法对甲型流感病毒的检出率相仿，其差异没有统计学意义（χ²=1.25，P>0.05），总符合率为78.78%。结论 与PCR方法比较，两种方法均具有较好的临床应用价值，其中荧光法灵敏度更高，更适于临床快速诊断；化学显色法操作简便，不需特殊仪器，适用于较大样本量的筛查和现场检测。

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of fluorescence and chromogenic substrates rapid tests in clinical screening of influenza A virus. Methods A total of 377 suspected flu patients’ nasopharynx secretions were examined by fluorescence and chromogenic substrates rapid tests. Then the clinical diagnostic value was evaluated by using the virus nucleic acid detection results as the standard. Results The sensitivities of two methods were 79.08% and 90.2%, and the specificities of them 91.96% and 95.09%, respectively. The difference between the two methods for influenza A virus detection was not statistically significant（χ²=1.25,P>0.05）. Conclusions Compared with PCR assays, the two methods for influenza A virus detection are both valuable in clinical application, but fluorescence substrate assay is more sensitive than chromogenic substrate assay; the former is suitable for clinical rapid diagnosis, and the latter is more simple in detecting the massive specimens or field test.