目的比较糖尿病前期与糖尿病期患者的共性和差异,找出糖尿病前期的危险因素。方法随机抽取糖尿病、糖尿病前期患者各50例,同时从体检的健康人群中抽取50例作为对照组,检测3组患者血糖、血脂、血流流变学等指标,对各指标进行比较分析。结果(1)糖尿病前期患者BMI、WHR高于糖尿病患者(P<0.05),HbAlc、Homa-IR低于糖尿病患者(P<0.05)。糖尿病、糖尿病前期患者均有不同程度的血脂代谢异常、血液黏度增加,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)糖尿病前期患者Homa-IR与BMI、WHR、FINS、TC成正相关(r=0.564、0.671、0.883、0.783,P<0.05)。糖尿病患者Homa-IR与WHR、FINS、HbAlc、TC、纤维蛋白原成正相关(r=0.764、0.821、0.856、0.692、0.537,P<0.05)。结论WHR、FINS、TC异常既是糖尿病的危险因素也是糖尿病前期的危险因素,早期识别危险因素并及时干预,有利于减少糖尿病的发生。

Objective To compare the differences in pre-diabetic and diabetic patients in order to identify the risk factors in pre-diabetic stage. Methods Diabetic and pre-diabetic patients were randomly selected , 50 each. 50 healthy subjects were recruited from the population undergoisical examination at the same time as the control group. In the three groups of patients, blood glucose, blood lipids, blood flow rheology indicators were assayed;a comparative analysis of various indicators among the three groups was made. Results ①In pre-diabetic patients, BMI and WHR averages were higher than those in the diabetic patients (P<0.05), and the HbA_1C and Homa-IR were lower than those in the diabetic patients (P<0.05).Diabetic and pre-diabetic patients had varying degrees of abnormal lipid metabolism, increased blood viscosity, compared with the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05),most obvious in diabetic patients (P<0.05). ②In the pre-diabetic group, Homa-IR positively correlated with BMI, WHR, FINS, and TC [(r=0.564,0.671,0.883 and 0.783), P<0.05]. In the diabetic group, Homa-IR positively correlated with WHR, FINS, HbA_1C, TC, (r=0.764,0.821,0.856,0.692,0.537, P<0.05). Conclusion Patients in pre-diabetic stage have blood sugar, blood lipids, blood rheology close to those in patients with diabetes mellitus, and even higher than those in patients with diabetes. People should conduct regular blood glucose and lipid testing in order to reduce the occurrence of diabetes mellitus.