目的 分析医院感染发生的情况，为做好医院感染防控工作提供参考。方法 采用回顾性调查方法，对2009-01至2011-12某医院住院患者的医院感染情况进行了调查与分析。结果 住院患者共25 147例，发生医院感染715例，医院感染平均发生率为2.84%，连续3年的医院感染率之间无明显差别。感染部位以呼吸道为主，占36.08%;其次是手术切囗，占21.81%。患者感染标本检出的致病菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主，占60%以上。结论 通过对医院感染发生因素的分析，加强监控、合理使用抗生素及保护易感人群是控制医院感染发生的有效方法。

Objective To survey the condition of inpatient nosocomial infection in a hospital, thereby providing reference for preventing and controling nosocomial infection effectively. Methods The clinic data of the inpatients from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2011 with nosocomial infection were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results There were 715 cases of nosocomial infection in a total of 25 147 hospitalized patients, the average incidence rate was 2.84%, and there was no obvious difference for the 3 years. The main infection site was the respiratory tract, accounting for 36.08%. The second was operation incision, 21.81%. The isolated pathogenic bacteria in patients were most of gram-negative bacilli, accounting for more than 60%. Conclusions Analysis of the causes of hospital infection, strengthening supervision, rational use of antibiotics, and protection of susceptible population are effective measures to control the nosocomial infection.