目的 了解乌鲁木齐市汉族新生儿出生体重现状,分析影响新生儿出生体重的因素,为控制出生低体重儿和巨大儿的发生率、提高人口素质提供依据。方法 采用问卷法对随机抽取的乌鲁木齐市各级医院的1000例产妇及新生儿进行调查。结果 (1)1000例新生儿出生体重1.462~5.223 kg,平均体重为(3.312±0.541)kg,其中低体重儿35例,占3.5%;正常体重儿891例,占89.1%;巨大儿74例,占7.4%。(2)婴儿性别、母亲职业、家庭收入为新生儿出生体重的影响因素(Z=3.290,P=0.001;χ²=9.582,P=0.002;F=11.325, P<0.001)。(3)产妇孕前正常体重组、超重及肥胖组的新生儿平均出生体重高于孕前低体重组(F=6.237,P=0.002)。孕期增重情况影响新生儿平均出生体重(F=3.564,P=0.007)。结论 乌鲁木齐市汉族新生儿平均出生体重处于我国正常水平,应该保持孕期体重适度增加,避免体重增长过快,将新生儿出生体重控制在正常范围内。

Objective To study the neonatal birth weight of Han in Urumqi, and screen out the factors of neonatal birth weight, in order to provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of the population. Methods Self-designed questionnaire was applied to 1000 puerpera in People’s Hospitals by anonymous survey. Results (1) In 1000 newborns, the neonatal birth weight was 1.462-5.223 kg, the average weight was (3.312±0.541)kg, 35 cases of low birth weight, accounting for 3.5%, 891 cases of normal weight, accounting for 89.1%, and 74 cases of macrosomia, accounting for 7.4%.(2)Sex of newborn, occupation of mother and family income are factors of birthweight of newborn (Z=3.290, P=0.001; χ²=9.582, P=0.002; F=11.325, P<0.001).(3) The average birth weight with maternal pre pregnancy in normal weight and overweight was higher than that with maternal pre pregnancy underweight (F=6.237,P=0.002). The birth weight of newborns with lower weight gain during pregancy was lower than that with appropriate weight gain, the neonatal birth weight with too much weight gain was higher than with appropriate weight gain (F=3.564,P=0.007). Conclusions The average newborn birth weight of Han in Urumqi is at normal level of our country. use should maintain pregnancy weight increase, avoid excessive weight gain, and control the neonatal birth weight in the normal range.