目的 探讨武警士兵无氧运动能力与5 km跑成绩的相关性,为科学训练提供理论依据。方法 52名武警士兵在标准400 m跑道进行50、400 m和5 km跑测试,记录运动成绩并换算为速度(分别记作ν50 m、ν400 m和ν5 km),利用气体分析仪进行最大摄氧量(VO2max)和通气阈(VT)测试。以ν50 m、ν400 m作为无氧运动能力的指标,以VO2max和VT作为有氧运动能力的指标。ν5 km与各变量之间的关系使用简单相关分析并计算Pearson相关系数(r);利用偏相关分析(校正其他相关变量)探讨ν5 km与有氧、无氧运动能力的关系并计算偏相关系数(R)及决定系数(R2)。结果 简单相关分析显示,BMI(r＝-0.428,P<0.01)与ν5 km显著负相关,训练年限(r＝0.375,P<0.05)、VO2max(r＝0.848,P<0.01)、VT(r＝0.316,P<0.01)、ν400 m(r＝0.652,P<0.01)均与ν5 km显著正相关。偏相关分析显示,VO2max、ν400 m和VT解释了ν5 km总变异(R2)的82.4%,各R2分别为51.1%、24.1%和7.2%。结论 有氧运动能力是5 km跑成绩的决定因素,但无氧运动能力同样不可忽视。在制定5 km训练计划时,应适当增加无氧训练的比例。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between anaerobic exercise capacity and 5 km ruuning performance in soldiers of PAP in order to provide theoretical evidence for scientific training. Methods Fifty-two soldiers of PAP performed 50 m,400 m and 5 km running.Their exercise performance was recorded and expressed as a mean velocity (marked as ν50 m, ν400 m and ν5 km) on an outdoor 400 m track; maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and ventilatory threshold (VT) were determined by gas analyser. Anaerobic exercise capacity was marked by ν50 m and ν400 m while aerobic exercise capacity by VO2max and VT. Correlation coefficient (r) of each indicator and ν5 km was calculated by Pearson’s correlation analysis and partial correlation coefficient (R) as well as coefficient of determination (R2) by partial correlation analysis model.Results Simple correlation analysis showed that BMI (r=-0.428,P<0.01) was negatively related to ν5 km but training duration (r=0.375,P<0.05), VO2max (r=0.848,P<0.01), VT (r=0.316,P<0.01), ν400 m (r=0.652,P<0.01) were positively related to ν5 km. Partial correlation analysis displayed that the combination of VO2max, ν400 m and VT explained 82.4% of the variation of ν5 km and they accounted for 51.1%, 24.1% and 7.2%,respectively.Conclusions Aerobic exercise capacity is determinative factor for 5 km running performance, but anaerobic exercise capacity should not be ignored. It is recommended to increase proportion of anaerobic training appropriately when formulating training program of 5 km running.
关键词
无氧运动 /
有氧运动 /
士兵 /
训练 /
运动成绩
Key words
anaerobic exercise /
aerobic exercise /
soldiers /
training /
exercise performance
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基金
武警部队后勤科研项目(WHKL15-3);武警后勤学院科研创新团队项目(WHTD201308),武警后勤学院教学研究项目(WHJY201313);十二五期间军队2110工程建设项目资助
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