中国是世界肝炎患病率最高的国家之一，以乙型肝炎(hepatitis B virvs，HBV)为多，据2006年国家卫生局统计，9.75%的1~59岁普通人群携带乙肝病毒[1]。慢性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化、肝癌是疾病自然病程发展的必然趋势。近年来发现，对肝纤维化的有效治疗可以保护肝功能，甚至使纤维化逆转[2]，从而有效防控病程的发展，降低患者发生肝硬化肝癌的风险。评价肝纤维化的金标准为肝组织学穿刺活检，但具有创伤性小、取材少、病理评价受主观因素影响等不足。笔者就无创技术评估肝纤维化程度的进展进行综述。
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