目的 观察维生素E联合黄芪对新兵新训期间徒步行军后骨骼肌的保护作用。方法 将60名男性新兵随机分为3组(每组20名):A组(对照组)、B组(维生素E防护组)、C组(维生素E+黄芪防护组)。行军前B、C组连续14 d服用维生素E[8 mg/(kg·d)],在此基础上C组给予口服黄芪(15 g/d),A组服用相同体积的0.9% NaCl溶液。14 d后让60名新兵进行120 km(4 d完成,每天均为30 km)徒步行军,行军过程中3组给予腿部热敷及其按摩(20 min/次,2次/d),徒步行军结束后2、3、6、24 h抽取外周静脉血并检测肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、活性氧类物质(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)浓度的变化。结果 A组外周血清CK、LDH、ROS、MDA值各个时间点均高于B、C两组,而GSH-Px、SOD活性值各个时间点均低于B、C两组,且差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);B组外周血清CK、LDH、ROS、MDA值各个时间点均高于C组,而GSH-Px、SOD活性值各个时间点均低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。A、B、C三组外周血清GSH-Px、SOD活性均于行军后开始下降,6 h达到最低值,24 h开始升高,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);三组新兵外周血ROS、MDA均于行军后开始升高,行军结束后6 h达到高峰,行军结束后24 h开始下降,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 维生素E联合黄芪能通过调节氧化与抗氧化平衡来抑制长时间运动中所导致的肌肉损伤,安全可靠,值得基层部队广泛推广。

Objective To observe the change in muscle injury caused by march, investigate the protective effect of vitamin E combined with Radix astragali on skeletal muscle injury caused by violent exercise. Methods Sixty recruits were randomly divided into three groups (20 solders in each group). Group A (control group), group B (given vitamin E), group C (given vitamin E and Radix astragali). Group B was given vitamin E [8 mg/(kg·d)] for 14 days and group C was given vitamin E [8 mg/(kg·d)] +Radix astragali (15 g/d) for 14 days. Then they marched 120 km for 4 days. The recruits were given fomentation and massage (20 min once, twice/day) in leg in 3 groups. The oxydic and antioxidant indices and CK, LDH were detected in 2 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h after march in the three groups. Results The activity of CK, LDH, ROS and the concentration of MDA in group A all time points were higher than that in the other two groups (P＜0.05) after march, while the GSHG-Px and SOD at all time points were lower than those in the other two groups at all time points (P＜0.05) after march. The activities of CK, LDH, ROS and the concentration of MDA in group B at all time points were higher than in the group C (P＜0.05), while the GSHG-Px, SOD at all time points were lower than in the group C at all time points (P＜0.05). The activities of GSH-Px and SOD were reduced after march, reaching minimum at 6 h, and increased at 24 h in the 3 groups (P＜0.05). The activities of ROS, LDH, ROS and the concentration of MDA increased after march, peaked at 6 h after march, and decreased at 24 h after march in the 3 groups (P＜0.05). Conclusions Vitamin E combined with Radix astragali can inhibit muscle injury in the course of long-time movement through balancing oxidation and antioxidation. This method is safe and effective, it should be recommended to grass-roots units.