目的 分析高温高湿环境下抗洪救灾武警官兵的发病规律,为今后在类似抢险任务时科学配置卫勤保障人员和医疗资源提供一定参考。方法 收集2016年参加抗洪救灾武警官兵的就诊资料,参照国际疾病分类标准ICD-10,采用Excel表格进行整理和分析。结果 共计1796人次就诊,1745例有效病历资料,1921例单病种;皮肤科(709例)、外科(616例)、内科(274例)就诊人次最多;皮肤科单病种中湿疹(142例)、皮炎(94例)、毛囊炎(80例)、足癣(79例)例数较多,外科单病种中关节损伤(238例)和肌肉软组织损伤(242例)最多,内科单病种中上呼吸道感染(117例)、肠(胃)炎(39例)、胃-食管炎(22例)例数相对较多;救灾初期皮肤病较多,5 d总例数占50%以上(57.53%),随着任务进展,皮肤病比例逐渐减少,外科训练伤就诊比例逐渐增多,在救灾末期达到最多(49.69%),内科疾病在整个任务期间比例大致持平(10%～18%)。结论 分析抗洪救灾武警官兵的疾病谱及发病规律,对今后在类似灾害卫勤保障时合理抽组人员及配置医疗资源有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the disease characteristics of soldiers of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces (CAPF)in fighting flood and providing disaster relief in high-temperature and high-humidity environments so as to provide reference for similar rescue missions in the future.Methods Medical information was collected from CAPF troops in the course of fighting flood and providing disaster relief in 2016. Data was sorted out and analyzed using Excel according to the international classification of diseases (ICD-10).Results There were 1745 valid cases and 1921 cases of single diseases from1796 soldiers who had visited clinical doctors. There were more patients in dermatology (709 cases), surgery (616 cases) and internal medicine (274 cases) than in the other departments. Eczema (142 cases), dermatitis (94 cases), folliculitis (80 cases) and tineapedis (79 cases) were prevalent dermal diseases of. Injuries of joints (238 cases) and muscles (242 cases) were the most common single diseases for surgery. Upper respiratory infections (117 cases), enterogastritis (39 cases) and gastroesophagitis (22 cases) were common cases for internal medicine. In the early stage of disaster rescue, patients who suffered from dermal diseases made up more than half (57.53%) of the total number of patients treated during the 5-day medical consultations. With the progress of the task, the proportion of skin diseases decreased while the proportion of training injuries increased and reached the peak (49.69%) in the late stage. The proportion of diseases for internal medicine did not obviously fluctuate (10%-18%) throughout the mission.Conclusions Identifying the disease spectrum and incidence characteristics of CAPF soldiers in fighting flood and providing disaster relief may contribute to proper allocation of medical resources and to better healthcare in the future.