目的 分析驻高原某部乙型流感暴发疫情的流行特征,探讨其有效防控措施。方法 采用标准流感现场调查方法对此次疫情进行现场调查,并采集咽拭子标本进行快速抗原检测,描述性统计分析流行病学特征。结果 首例病例发病于2019年3月19日,末例病例发病于2019年4月6日,共发病69例,总发病率13.01％。首发分队发病率最高,为23.01%,显著高于其他分队(P<0.01)。临床症状以急性发热、咳嗽、咽痛为主,并发肺炎23例(33.33%),预后良好,100%治愈,无死亡病例。实验室检测190份咽拭子标本,乙型流感病毒抗原检测阳性14例,阳性率7.36%,检测腺病毒IgM抗体96份,均为阴性。结论 基层部队人群聚居,是流感疫情暴发的高危环境,驻高原部队冬春季节易出现流感暴发流行,必须加强疫情监测,严格落实防控措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology of an influenza B outbreak in a troop stationed on the plateau, and to explore ways of effective prevention. Methods An on-site investigation of the outbreak was carried out using the standard influenza field investigation method. The pharynx swab samples were collected for rapid antigen testing and descriptive statistical analysis of the epidemiological characteristics. Results The first case occurred on 19 March 2019, and the last case on 6 April 2019. There were a total of 69 cases with a prevalence rate of 13.01 %. The rate of infection was the highest in the first detachment (23.01%), significantly higher than that of the other detachments (P<0.01). The clinical symptoms were mainly acute fever, cough and sore throat, with 23 cases of concurrent pneumonia (33.33%). Prognosis was good in all the cases, with a 100% curative rate and no death. 190 pharynx swab samples were tested in the laboratory, and the influenza B virus antigen tested positive in 14 cases, with a 7.36% positive rate. 96 adenovirus IgM antibody samples were tested, and they were all negative. Conclusions Because of crowded housing, grass-roots troops are at high risk of infectious diseases. The chance of an influenza outbreak is high in winter and spring, so it is necessary to strengthen epidemic surveillance and implement measures of prevention strictly.