目的 分析低海拔地区官兵进驻高原后的血液生化指标变化,及时发现可能导致高原疾病的危险因素。方法 选取驻地海拔1500 m的某部官兵183名作为研究对象。所有官兵分别于进驻高原前和进驻高原后30 d(海拔3600 m)进行静脉采血。进行红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素( DBIL)、间接胆红素(IBIL)、肌酐(UA)指标的检测,应用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行数据处理。结果 剔除未能按时采集静脉血者3例,最终180例完成研究。低海拔地区官兵进驻高原30 d后,血液检查中RBC[(6.06±0.17)×10¹²/L]、HGB[(179.86±2.23)g/L]、CK[(289.16±22.15)U/L]、CK-MB[(19.23±0.92)U/L]、AST[(27.00±1.12)U/L]、ALT[(26.93±1.52)U/L]、LDH[(229.90±5.57)U/L]指标相较于进驻高原前RBC[(5.74±0.09)×10¹²/L]、HGB[(169.06±1.98)g/L]、CK[(172.00±24.11)]U/L、CK-MB[(14.00±0.88)U/L]、AST[(21.23±1.01)U/L]、ALT[(20.93±1.67)U/L]、LDH[(168.40±6.12)U/L]均有明显升高,差异具有统计学意义( P<0.05)。TBIL、IBIL、DBIL、UA指标也显著高于进驻高原前,且差异具有统计学意义( P<0.05)。结论 高原低氧环境对官兵的身体健康有很大的影响,未来要更细化高原官兵健康体检,及时发现可能导致高原疾病的危险因素,提高官兵的适应能力。

Objective To study the changes of blood biochemical indexes of troops who entered the plateau from low altitude areas in order to identify the risk factors for plateau diseases to improve their adaptability to the special environment of the plateau. Methods A total of 183 officers and soldiers from a station at an altitude of 1500 m were selected as the subjects. Their venous blood was collected before entering the plateau and 30 days after entering the plateau (3600 m above sea level). Their levels of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (HB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), and creatinine (UA) were detected and processed using SPSS 18.0 statistical software. Results Excluding 3 subjects whose venous blood was not collected as scheduled, 180 patients completed the study. Thirty days after they entered the plateau from low altitude areas, the indexes of RBCs (6.06±0.17)×10¹²/L, HGB (179.86±2.23)g/L, CK (289.16±22.15)U/L, CK-MB (19.23±0.92) U/L, AST (27.00±1.12)U/L, ALT (26.93±1.52)U/L, and LDH (229.90±5.57)U/L were significantly elevated, compared to (5.74±0.09)×10¹²/L, (169.06±1.98)g/L, (172.00±24.11)U/L, (14.00±0.88)U/L, (21.23±1.01)U/L, (20.93±1.67)U/L and (168.40±6.12) U/L before they entered the plateau, so the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The indicators of TBIL, IBIL, DBIL, and UA were also significantly higher, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The hypoxic environment on the plateau has a great impact on the health of officers and soldiers. In the future, the physical examination of officers and soldiers on the plateau should be more exhaustive, and the risk factors for plateau diseases should be discovered in time to improve the survival and adaptability of officers and soldiers.