目的 了解天津市社区高血压患者高血压相关知识、相关态度及相关行为的现况,为更有效地实施社区高血压健康管理提供参考。方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法入选天津市四个社区的4093例高血压患者进行高血压知信行现况调查,由社区医师采用面对面问答的方式进行高血压知信行信息的采集,并收集研究对象的人口学特征、体格检查、既往病史等资料,对研究对象的知信行现状及影响因素进行分析。结果 最终入组符合条件的社区高血压患者3962例,平均年龄(60.37±10.19)岁,平均收缩压(136.72±10.88)mmHg,平均舒张压(81.06±6.79)mmHg;高血压相关知识得分13.52±3.12,高血压相关态度得分7.17±1.47,高血压相关行为得分17.89±4.89,高血压知信行得分38.58±6.16;经过logistic多元回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.381,95%CI:1.205~1.558,P=0.009)、文化程度(OR=1.042,95%CI:1.007~1.078,P=0.019)、职业(OR=1.275,95%CI:1.088~1.494,P=0.003)、收入水平(OR=1.340,95%CI:1.135~1.581,P=0.001)及是否有社会保险(OR=1.905,95%CI:1.407~2.579,P<0.001)与高血压患者知信行得分独立相关。结论 社区高血压患者的知信行水平仍偏低,需通过针对性健康教育提高他们的知信行水平,以促进高血压患者的自我防治。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current hypertension-related knowledge, attitude and behavior in community hypertensive patients in Tianjin, and to provide reference for more effective management of community hypertension patients. Methods A cluster random sampling method was employed to select 4093 hypertensive patients in four communities in Tianjin for a knowledge-belief- practice survey. The information about knowledge,belief and practice related to hypertension was collected through face-to-face interlocution by community doctors. The demographic characteristics, results of physical examinations, and previous medical history of the subjects were also collected. The related influencing factors were analyzed. Results A total of 3962 patients with hypertension in four communities were finally enrolled, including 1772 males (44.75%). The average age was (60.37±10.19) years. The average systolic blood pressure was (136.72±10.88) mmHg, and the average diastolic blood pressure was (81.06±6.79) mmHg. The score of knowledge of hypertension was 13.52±3.12, compared with 7.17±1.47 for attitude, and 17.89±4.89 for behavior. The score of knowledge, belief and practice regarding hypertension was 38.58±6.16. Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.381,95%CI:1.205-1.558,P=0.009), levels of education (OR=1.042, 95%CI: 1.077-1.078, P=0.019), occupations (OR=1.275, 95%CI: 1.088-1.494, P=0.003) income levels (OR=1.340, 95%CI: 1.135-1.581, P=0.001) and accessibility to social insurance (OR=1.905, 95%CI: 1.407-2.579, P<0.001) were independently correlated with the scores of knowledge, belief and practice of patients with hypertension. Conclusions The levels of knowledge, belief and practice of community hypertensive patients is still low. Targeted health education is required so as to step up the prevention and treatment of hypertension and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.
关键词
社区 /
高血压 /
知信行 /
调查
Key words
community /
hypertension /
knowledge-belief-practice /
survey
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