目的 分析不同海拔高度高原驻训官兵肾脏健康状况。方法 随机抽取2021-07至2021-10四川阿坝地区驻训部队575名军人的体检报告进行研究,根据驻训海拔高度分为≤2600 m组(255例)和＞2600 m组(320例)。血清尿素、肌酐、尿酸任何一项指标超出参考值范围即判断为肾功能异常。根据肾脏彩超检查结果,包括肾尿盐结晶、肾结石、肾囊肿、肾钙化灶等记录肾脏病变情况,出现任何一种阳性结果即判断为肾脏彩超异常。结果 575例中,肾功能三项异常者198例(34.43%),尿酸升高176例(30.61%),肌酐升高39例(6.78%),尿素升高7例(1.22%);肾脏彩超检查异常者88例(15.30%),肾尿盐结晶56例(9.74%),肾结石27例(4.70%),肾囊肿12例(2.09%),肾钙化灶1例(0.17%),肾错构瘤1例(0.17%)。＞2600 m组肾功能三项异常、尿酸升高、肾脏彩超异常、肾尿盐结晶和肾囊肿的发生率显著高于≤2600 m组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。结论 高原驻训官兵肾脏检查结果异常多为血清尿酸升高和肾尿盐结晶,且多发生于海拔2600 m以上区域,应重点防治。

Objective To understand the status of renal examinations in officers and soldiers stationed on plateaus and analyze its correlation with altitude. Methods Five hundred and seventy-five reports of renal function examination and renal color Doppler ultrasound examination of officers and soldiers stationed in Aba prefecture, Sichuan province, according to altitude, were divided into two groups: 255 cases in ≤2600 m group and 320 cases in >2600 m group. According to the reports any indexbeyondthe range of refererce value isiudged as abnormal renal function, the renal lesions including renal urinary salt crystals, renal stones, renal cysts, renal calcification, etc. were recorded, and any positive signs in renal color Doppler ultrasound were judged as abnormal renal color Doppler ultraso nography. Results Of the 575 cases, 198 cases (34.43%) had abnormal renal function, 176 cases (30.61%) had elevated uric acid, 39 cases (6.78%) had elevated creatinine and 7 cases (1.22%) had elevated urea; 88 cases (15.30%) had abnormal renal color Doppler ultrasonography, 56 cases (9.74%) had renal urinary salt crystals, 27 cases (4.70%) had renal calculi, 12 cases (2.09%) had renal cysts, 1 case (0.17%) had renal calcification and 1 case (0.17%) had renal hamartoma. The group study showed that the incidences of abnormal renal function, elevated uric acid, abnormal renal color Doppler ultrasound, renal urinary salt crystallization and renal cyst in the group with altitude above 2600 m were significantly higher than those in the group with altitude below 2600 m (P< 0.001). Conclusions Abnormal renal examination results are common in officers and soldiers stationed at high altitude, and mainly manifested as elevated serum uric acid and renal urinary salt crystallization, which is positively correlated with altitude. It mainly occurs in plateau area above 2600 meters, which needs to be paid special attention.