目的 探讨训练前补水补盐联合训练中辅助降温措施对热应激反应的影响。方法 参加研究男性士兵62人,兵龄1~2年,训练科目为5 km及10 km跑步,户外跑步环境热指数40~42,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组跑前30 min饮用60 mmol/L氯化钠溶液500 ml。跑步中辅助降温:实验组跑步中每间隔400 m给予用海绵块吸取20 ℃水浇头1次及20 ℃水全身喷雾降温3 s,对照组给予跑前30 min饮纯净水500 ml,跑步中无降温措施。对比5 km跑步实验组(n=20),对照组(n=21)以及10 km跑步实验组(n=10),对照组(n=11)生理应力指数(PSI)、出汗量、钠丢失量。结果 实验组与对照组比较,PSI、出汗量差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。5 km跑步与10 km跑步PSI比较差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05);而最快心率比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 训练前预补水补盐加训练中辅助降温可减小热应激反应,并减小脱水量,从而有预防热射病作用。
Abstract
Objective Training in high temperature environment, participants are prone to excessive heat stress with thermal damage to tissues.One of the main causes for heat stroke is high core temperature resulting of dehydration and hyponatremia during the training.This study was intend to find effective methods to prevent heat stroke during high-temp training by verifying the effect of water replenishment and salt replenishment combined with auxiliary cooling measures on heat stress response.Methods Participants were (62) male soldiers with 1 or 2 years training experience in the army. The training programs were 5 km and 10 km outdoor running. The Environmental heat index was 40~42. Up-front water replenishment and salt replenishment:30 minutes before running, the experimental group was given 500ml of 60mmol/L sodium chloride solution. Every 400 meters during the running, soaked 20 ℃ water with sponge and pour the water on the runners’ heads once meanwhile 20℃ water spraying to cool the whole body for 3 seconds. Physiological strain index (PSI), sweat volume and sodium loss were compared between the 5 km running group (n=20) and the control group (n=21), as well as comparison between the 10km running group (n=10) and the control group (n=11).Results There were significant differences in PSI, sweat volume between the experimental group and the control group. The data was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in PSI between 5km running and 10 km running. The data was statistically significant (P<0.05). The comparisons of the maximum heart rates were not statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Water replenishment and salt replenishment combined with auxiliary cooling measurescan reduce PSI and dehydration, thus preventing heat stroke.
关键词
高温环境 /
运动 /
热应激 /
补钠 /
补水 /
辅助降低体温
Key words
high temperature /
exercise /
heat stress response /
sodium replenishment /
water replenishment /
auxiliary cooling body temperature
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