目的 探讨扬州地区泌尿系结石的患病情况、相关危险因素及泌尿系结石的主要化学成分。方法 回顾性分析2019-06至2021-06在武警江苏总队医院接受体检的扬州地区居民共3895例的体格检查资料,根据泌尿系统结石的患病情况,检出泌尿系结石者为结石组,并随机选相同数量体检无结石者作为对照组,对两组患者相关资料进行分析,探讨泌尿系结石形成的危险因素。并对58例手术患者的结石采用红外光谱法对其进行成分分析。结果 3895例中,有305例(7.84%)检出泌尿系结石,其中男221例,女84例,男女比例2.6∶1,均多发于40~60岁;上、中下尿路结石的发病率分别为74.8%和25.2%,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);结石组与对照组在尿酸、尿路感染和肥胖上比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但两组高血压患病情况基本相同。58例结石分析发现,79.3%为混合性,女性草酸钙和尿酸类检出率明显低于男性,女性磷酸钙类结石多于男性。结论 扬州地区结石发病率较高,主要为上尿路结石,以混合型多见,尿酸升高、肥胖和尿路感染为主要危险因素,应制定个体化的治疗及预防方案。

Objective To detectthe incidence and analyze the composition of urinary calculi　and related risk factors in Yang Zhou,and provide a basis for prevention of recurrence. Methods A total of 3895 Yangzhou residents who underwent physical examination in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021,the clinical data and physical examination results were collected, and statistics of the disease of stones of its urinary system.Residents with stones detected is as a stone group,the physical examination personnel without urinary calculi were randomly selected as the control group,to analyze the relevant data , explore the risk factors and analyze the composition of the stones by infrared spectroscopy. Result Urinary calculi was detected in 305 of 3895 people in Yangzhou area, the incidence was 7.84%. There were 221 male patients,which was 2.6 times of female patients,the prevalence rate of 40-60 years old was the highes.The incidence of upper and lower urinary calculi was 74.8% and 25.2% respectively,there was significant difference (P< 0.05).There were significant differences in uric acid, urinary tract infection, and BMI between experimental group and control group (P<0.05),and no significant difference in hypertension index (P>0.05).Analysis of stones in 58 of them,the composition was mainly mixed, accounting for 79.3%.There was a significant difference in the detection rate of calcium phosphate stones between male and female patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of urinary calculi in Yangzhou is high,the main position was upper urinary calculi,risk factors are uric acid, BMI, and infection. and the main ingredient is calcium oxalate,which can provide individualized treatment and prevention programs.