[1] 刘忠军. 3D打印技术在脊柱外科中的应用价值[J]. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2020, 30(9): 772-773. [2] Shah K, Gadiya A, Shah M, et al. Does three-dimensional printed patient-specific templates add benefit in revision surgeries for complex pediatric kyphoscoliosis deformity with sublaminar wires in situ? A clinical study[J]. Asian Spine, 2021, 15(1): 46-53. [3] Lopez C D, Boddapati V, Lee N J, et al. Three-Dimensional printing for preoperative planning and pedicle screw placement in adult spinal deformity: a systematic review[J]. Global Spine, 2021, 11(6): 936-949. [4] Park H J, Wang C, Choi K H, et al. Use of a life-size three-dimensional-printed spine model for pedicle screw instrumentation training[J]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2018, 13(1): 86. [5] Ye Z, Dun A, Jiang H, et al. The role of 3D printed models in the teaching of human anatomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2020, 20(1): 335. [6] Wu A M, Lin J L, Kwan K Y, et al. 3D-printing techniques in spine surgery: the future prospects and current challenges[J]. Expert Rev Med Devices, 2018, 15(6): 399-401. [7] Cho W, Job A V, Chen J, et al. A review of current clinical applications of three-dimensional printing in spine surgery[J]. Asian Spine J, 2018, 12(1): 171-177. [8] Cecchinato R, Berjano P, Zerbi A, et al. Pedicle screw insertion with patient-specific 3D-printed guides based on low-dose CT scan is more accurate than free-hand technique in spine deformity patients: a prospective, randomized clinical trial[J]. Eur Spine J, 2019, 28(7): 1712-1723. [9] 胡 勇, 董伟鑫, 徐荣明, 等. 3D打印导向模板辅助下椎弓根螺钉固定治疗不稳定寰椎骨折[J]. 中华创伤杂志, 2017, 33(4): 315-320. [10] Guo F, Dai J, Zhang J, et al. Individualized 3D printing navigation template for pedicle screw fixation in upper cervical spine[J]. PLoS One, 2017, 12(2): e0171509. [11] Yu C, Ou Y, Xie C, et al. Pedicle screw placement in spinal neurosurgery using a 3D-printed drill guide template: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2020, 15(1): 1. [12] 赵永辉, 马宇龙, 罗浩天, 等. 3D打印手术导板辅助强直性脊柱炎截骨矫形[J]. 中国矫形外科杂志, 2020, 28(24): 2276-2280. [13] Tu Q, Ding H W, Chen H, et al. Three-Dimensional-Printed individualized guiding templates for surgical correction of severe kyphoscoliosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis: outcomes of 9 cases[J]. World Neurosurg, 2019, 130: e961-e970. [14] Mcgilvray K C, Easley J, Seim H B, et al. Bony ingrowth potential of 3D-printed porous titanium alloy: a direct comparison of interbody cage materials in an in vivo ovine lumbar fusion model[J]. Spine J, 2018, 18(7): 1250-1260. [15] Lohberger B, Eck N, Glaenzer D, et al. Surface modifications of titanium aluminium vanadium improve biocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation potential[J]. Materials(Basel), 2021, 14:1574. [16] 杨接来, 徐 俊, 谷辉杰, 等. 3D打印聚乳酸/纳米级β-磷酸钙可吸收山羊颈椎融合器的生物相容性及生物力学评价[J]. 中国临床医学, 2017, 24(4): 525-530. [17] Brenke C, Kindling S, Scharf J, et al. Short-term experience with a new absorbable composite cage(beta-tricalcium phosphate-polylactic acid) in patients after stand-alone anterior cervical discectomy and fusion[J]. Spine(Phila Pa 1976), 2013, 38(11): E635-640. [18] 李柘黄, 韦 峰, 刘忠军. 3D打印假体在脊柱肿瘤切除后脊柱重建中的应用[J]. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2020, 30(9): 833-837. [19] 菅 强, 许文龙, 段婉茹,等. 个体化定制3D打印假体枢椎前柱重建治疗枢椎肿瘤的疗效观察[J]. 中国脊柱脊髓杂志, 2020, 30(9): 804-810. [20] Wei F, Li Z, Liu Z, et al. Upper cervical spine reconstruction using customized 3D-printed vertebral body in 9 patients with primary tumors involving C2[J]. Ann Transl Med, 2020, 8(6): 332. [21] 纪经涛, 胡永成, 苗 军. 3D打印人工椎体在胸腰椎肿瘤整块切除后重建中的应用[J]. 中华骨科杂志, 2020(4): 208-216. [22] Wang X, Xu H, Han Y, et al. Biomechanics of artificial pedicle fixation in a 3D-printed prosthesis after total en bloc spondylectomy: a finite element analysis[J]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2021, 16(1): 213. [23] Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, et al. One-stage posterior en-bloc spondylectomy following reconstruction with individualized 3D printed artificial vertebrae for multi-segment thoracolumbar metastases: case report and literature review[J]. Am J Transl Res, 2021, 13(1): 115-123. [24] Lv Z R, Li Z F, Yang Z P, et al. One-Step reconstruction with a novel suspended, modular, and 3D-printed total sacral implant resection of sacral giant cell tumor with preservation of bilateral s1-3 nerve roots via a posterior-only approach[J]. Orthop Surg, 2020, 12(1): 58-66. [25] Rosenzweig D H, Carelli E, Steffen T, et al. 3D-Printed ABS and PLA scaffolds for cartilage and nucleus pulposus tissue regeneration[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2015, 16(7): 15118-15135. [26] Liu B, Wang Z, Lin G, et al. Radiculoplasty with reconstruction using 3D-printed artificial dura mater for the treatment of symptomatic sacral canal cysts: two case reports[J]. Medicine(Baltimore), 2018, 97(49): e13289. [27] Sun B, Lian M, Han Y, et al. A 3D-Bioprinted dual growth factor-releasing intervertebral disc scaffold induces nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus reconstruction[J]. Bioact Mater, 2021, 6(1): 179-190. [28] Zhu M, Tan J, Liu L, et al. Construction of biomimetic artificial intervertebral disc scaffold via 3D printing and electrospinning[J]. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 128: 112310. [29] de Pieri A, Byerley A M, Musumeci C R, et al. Electrospinning and 3D bioprinting for intervertebral disc tissue engineering[J]. JOR Spine, 2020, 3(4): e1117. [30] Grant C A, Izatt M T, Labrom R D, et al. Use of 3D printing in complex spinal surgery: historical perspectives, current usage, and future directions[J]. Tech Orthop, 2016, 31(3): 172-180.