目的 探讨角膜塑形(OK)镜控制青少年近视的影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2015-12至2021-11在北京茗视光眼科医院配戴OK镜的青少年近视患者408例408眼(排除双眼相关性,只选右眼入组)的临床资料。按患者配戴OK镜后2年眼轴较基线的增长量进行分组,增长≤0.60 mm为试验组,增长＞0.60 mm为对照组。比较两组戴镜前、戴镜6个月、1和2年眼轴长度增加量,并分析患者性别、年龄、屈光度、眼压、角膜曲率、角膜平均e值、角膜散光度、基础眼轴长度、中央角膜厚度、前房深度、角膜横径、瞳孔直径及离焦环与瞳孔位置关系对眼轴增长的影响。结果 (1)单因素比较结果显示,两组患者在OK镜配戴时的年龄值、屈光度、平均角膜e值、中央角膜厚度、基础眼轴长度、离焦环与瞳孔位置关系等因素,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。 (2)经多因素Logistic回归分析结果发现,OK镜配戴前屈光度(OR=0.740)、年龄(OR=1.875)及离焦环与瞳孔位置关系(交叉OR=5.887),差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),是影响OK镜控制近视效果的独立因素。结论 长期配戴OK镜可控制近视发展,OK镜配戴前屈光度较小,年龄较大且离焦环与瞳孔位置交叉的青少年患者效果越好。
Abstract
Objective To explore the influencing factors of orthokeratology on adolescents with myopia. Methods In this retrospective clinical case-control study,408 myopia participants (408 eyes) who wore Orthokeratology lens more than 2 years from December 2015 to November 2021 in Beijing Ming Vision and Ophthalmology were enrolled. The axial length increment of the two groups was compared before and after wearing glasses for 6 M, 1Y and 2 Y. The participants who the increase of ocular axis length after wearing Orthokeratology lens for 2 year is less than or equal to 0.60 mm from the baseline, were divided into experimental group, and the participants who the increase of ocular axis length is more than 0.60 mm from the baseline were divided into a control group. The effects of gender, age, diopter, intraocular pressure, corneal curvature, corneal mean e, corneal astigmatism, basic axial length, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, corneal transverse diameter, pupil diameter, and the relationship between defocus ring and pupil position on axial length growth were analyzed. Results Univariate comparison showed that there were significant differences in pre-treatment age years, pre-treatment diopter,average corneal e, central corneal thickness,basic axial length and relationship between defocus ring and pupil position between the well-controlled group and poor-controlled group (P<0.05). According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, age(OR=1.875), diopter(OR=0.740),and the relationship between defocus ring and pupil position(cross OR=5.887)were independent factors affecting the effect of orthokeratology on myopia control (P<0.05). Conclusions Long-term wearing orthokeratology can control the progression of myopia. Orthokeratology has better control effect on adolescents with myopia who have smaller pre-treatment diopter,the older pre-treatment age and crossed defocusing ring and pupil position.
关键词
角膜塑形镜 /
近视控制 /
青少年 /
回归分析
Key words
orthokeratology len /
myopia control /
juvenile /
regression analysis
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参考文献
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