目的 分析住院军人眼外伤的致伤原因和特点,为军人眼外伤的预防和治疗提供参考。方法 选取2019-01至2024-01在解放军总医院第一、三医学中心眼科因眼部创伤住院的军人224例,对临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 纳入224例患者,占同期眼外伤22.1%,其中男220例(98.2%),女4例(1.8%);士兵181例(80.8%),团以下干部35例(15.6%),团以上干部8例(3.6%);年龄18~89岁,平均(27.29±9.43)岁。机械性眼外伤180例(80.4%),其中闭合性眼外伤132例,开放性眼外伤48例;非机械性眼外伤4例( 1.8% ),眼眶及附属器外伤40例(17.9%)。眼外伤主要发生在训练或工作中,闭合性眼外伤致伤原因主要为碰撞和砸伤,共117例(88.6% );开放性眼外伤主要致伤原因为异物入眼22例(45.8%),其他伤18例(37.5%);非机械性眼球外伤主要致伤原因为碱烧伤1例(25.0%)和激光伤3例(75.0%)。治疗后1级视力患者人数明显高于治疗前,4级视力的患者数量低于治疗前。结论 军人眼外伤多发群体为士兵,多发生在训练和工作中,应强化安全防护,佩戴合适护目镜,掌握眼部急救知识,外伤后及时就医。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the causes and characteristics of ocular trauma in hospitalized soldiers so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 224 military patients with ocular trauma who were admitted from January 2019 to January 2024 in the Ophthalmology Department of the First and Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 224 patients were included, accounting for 22.1% of the patients with ocular trauma during the same period, including 220 males (98.2%), 4 females (1.8%), 181 soldiers (80.8%), 35 cadres below the regiment (15.6%) and 8 cadres above the regiment (3.6%). Their ages ranged from 18 to 89 years, with an average of (27.29±9.43) years. There were 180 cases of mechanical ocular trauma (80.4%), including 132 cases of closed ocular trauma and 48 cases of open ocular trauma. There were 4 cases of non-mechanical ocular trauma (1.8%) and 40 cases of orbital and accessory organ trauma (17.9%).The main causes of closed ocular trauma were collision and smash injury (88.6%) in 117 cases, the main causes of open ocular trauma were foreign body entering the eye in 22 cases (45.8%), and bullet injury in 18 cases (37.5%).The main causes of non-mechanical ocular trauma were alkali burn in 1 case (25.0%) and laser injury in 3 cases (75.0%).After treatment, the number of patients with grade 1 vision was significantly higher than before treatment, and the number of patients with grade 4 vision was lower than before treatment. Conclusions The most common group of military ocular trauma is soldiers, which mostly occurs in military training and work. It is very important to strengthen safety protection, wear appropriate goggles, master eye first aid knowledge, and seek timely medical treatment after injury.
关键词
军人 /
眼外伤 /
特点 /
预后
Key words
military personnel /
ocular trauma /
characteristics /
prognosis
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