目的 分析天津市河东区社区老年高血压患者高血压相关知识、相关态度及相关行为的现状及其相关影响因素,为老年高血压患者血压管理策略的制定提供依据。方法 2018年9月从天津市河东区的四个社区采用整群随机抽样的方法选取2252例年龄≥60岁老年高血压患者作为调查对象。采用面对面问答的方式对调查对象进行问卷调查。高血压患者知信行问卷参照最新高血压防治指南和最新循证证据自行设计。收集患者的人口学特征、体格检查、既往病史等资料,对入选患者高血压相关知识、相关态度及相关行为的现状及相关影响因素进行分析。结果 入组的老年高血压患者高血压相关知识平均得分14.31±3.25,高血压相关态度平均得分7.20±1.33,高血压相关行为平均得分18.60±4.06,总体高血压知信行平均得分40.11±5.95;经logistic多元回归分析显示,文化程度(OR=1.776,95%CI:1.463~2.155,P<0.001)、吸烟(OR=0.526,95%CI:0.453~0.612,P<0.001)、饮酒(OR=0.862,95%CI:0.744~0.999,P=0.049)、高血压家族史(OR=1.404,95%CI:1.152~1.712,P<0.001)和既往病史(OR=1.532,95%CI:1.274~1.843,P<0.001)与老年高血压患者高血压知信行评分独立相关。结论 天津市河东区社区老年高血压患者的知信行水平有待提高,应不断深化对社区老年高血压患者的健康教育,以进一步提高老年高血压患者的知信行水平。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the status quo of hypertension-related knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAP) of elderly patients with hypertension in Hedong district of Tianjin and the related influencing factors so as to provide evidence for the development of hypertension management strategies. Methods In September 2018, a total of 2252 elderly patients with hypertension aged ≥60 years were selected from four communities in Hedong District of Tianjin through cluster random sampling as the investigation subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the respondents by means of face-to-face question-and-answer. The KAP questionnaire was designed based on the latest hypertension prevention and control guidelines and the latest evidence-based evidence. The demographic characteristics, physical examination, past medical history and other information of the patients were collected to analyze the status quo and influencing factors of hypertension-related knowledge, attitude and behavior of the selected patients. Results The average score of hypertension-related knowledge, attitude and behavior was 14.31±3.25, 7.20±1.33, 18.60±4.06 respectively, and the average score of overall KAP was 40.11±5.95. Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that education level (OR=1.776,95%CI:1.463-2.155,P<0.001)smoking (OR=0.526,95%CI:0.453-0.612,P<0.001), drinking(OR=0.862,95%CI:0.744-0.999,P=0.049),family history of hypertension (OR=1.404,95%CI:1.152-1.712,P<0.001)and past medical history (OR=1.532,95%CI:1.274-1.843,P<0.001)were independently correlated with the KAP score of elderly patients with hypertension. Conclusions The KAP level among the elderly hypertension patients in HeDong district of Tianjin needs to be improved, and continuous health education should be carried out for the elderly hypertension patients in the community to further improve their level of KAP.
关键词
老年 /
高血压 /
知信行 /
影响因素
Key words
the elderly /
hypertension /
knowledge, attitude and practice /
influencing factor
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基金
天津市卫生健康科研项目(TJWJ2023MS050);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1307600,2017YFC1307602)。
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