目的 了解社会人群对阿尔茨海默病(AD)相关知识的知晓情况和非药物疗法的应用现状,以及利用互联网平台进行非药物治疗的接受度和需求。方法 自制AD及其非药物疗法的认识调查问卷及微信二维码,通过扫描微信调查问卷二维码填写并提交问卷。结果 收到有效问卷587份,男161人,女性426人。对AD症状知晓较多的是记忆力下降(513人)和思维能力减退(480人);知晓较多的危险因素是年龄(368人)和遗传(308人)。Spearman相关分析显示,AD主要症状和危险因素知晓程度与年龄呈负相关(P＜0.001),与文化程度、月收入呈正相关(P＜0.01)。logistic回归分析发现年龄(OR 0.800,95% CI 0.705~0.908,P=0.001)、文化程度(OR 1.557,95% CI 1.344~1.804,P＜0.001)、职业(OR 1.082,95% CI 1.003~1.167,P=0.040)是AD主要症状知晓程度的影响因素。年龄(OR 0.669,95% CI 0.581~0.770,P＜0.001)、文化程度(OR 1.451,95% CI 1.181~1.785,P＜0.001)、月收入(OR 1.246,95% CI 1.072~1.448,P=0.004)是AD危险因素知晓程度的影响因素。90名被调查者家中有AD患者,其中,86.7%的被调查者表示十分或较为急需改变AD给家庭带来的困扰,71.1%的被调查者对AD非药物疗法不太认可、不认可或不知道。82.2%的被调查者愿意利用互联网手段尝试非药物治疗。结论 人群对AD临床表现及防治知识的总体知晓率较低,同时,急于改变AD带来的困扰,可考虑利用互联网平台进行AD宣教和尝试非药物疗法。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the knowledge of social population about Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the application status of non-pharmacological therapies in AD treatment, as well as the acceptance and demand for non-pharmacological therapies using the Internet platform. Methods A questionnaire and WeChat QR code of AD and its non-pharmacological therapy were prepared, and the questionnaires were filled in and submitted by scanning the QR code of WeChat questionnaire. Results A total of 587 valid questionnaires were received, with 161 males and 426 females. The most common symptoms of AD were memory decrease (513) and decreased thinking ability (480). The 368 cases had more knowledge about age and 308 cases about genetic inheritance as AD risk factors. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the awareness of AD main symptom and risk factors were negatively associated with age (P＜0.001), and positively educational level and monthly income (P＜0.01). Logistic regression found that age (OR 0.800, 95% CI 0.705-0.908, P=0.001), educational level (OR 1.557, 95% CI 1.344-1.804, P＜0.001) and occupation (OR 1.082, 95% CI 1.003-1.167, P=0.040) were associated with the awareness of the AD main symptoms. The age (OR 0.669, 95% CI 0.581-0.770, P＜0.001), educational level (OR 1.451, 95% CI 1.181-1.785, P＜0.001) and monthly income (OR 1.246, 95% CI 1.072-1.448, P=0.004) were influential factores in the awareness of AD risk factors. Among the 90 respondents who had AD patients in their families, 86.7% expressed a strong or urgent need to change the troubles caused by AD to their families, 71.1% did not fully recognize, acknowledge, or understand non-pharmacological treatments for AD, and 82.2% of the respondents were willing to try non-pharmacological treatments by APP or other Internet ways. Conclusions The overall awareness rate of clinical manifestations and prevention knowledge of AD is low. At the same time, if people are eager to change the troubles caused by AD, they can consider using the Internet platform for AD education and try non-pharmacological treatment.
关键词
阿尔茨海默病 /
非药物疗法 /
调查
Key words
Alzheimer’s disease /
non-pharmacological treatment /
survey
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基金
首都卫生发展科研专项项目(2022-2-2048);北京市医院管理中心青年人才培养“青苗”计划(QML20230504)
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