目的 调查慢性肾脏病(CKD)人群心血管健康知识掌握度现状并分析影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2023年4-6月在北京市某三甲医院肾内科就诊的225例患者为调查对象,使用一般资料调查表、疾病资料调查表和CKD人群心血管健康知识掌握度量表进行调查,采用单因素分析和多元线性回归分析影响因素。结果 回收有效问卷219份,有效问卷回收率97.3%。CKD人群心血管健康知识掌握度得分为(80.3±24.3)分。多元线性回归分析显示,吸烟史(标准化回归系数r=-0.122)、是否知晓CKD会影响心血管健康(r=0.327)、过去一年有无主动观看或阅读关于心血管病的信息(r=0.212)、卒中/短暂脑缺血发作家族史(r=0.144)、CKD病程(r=0.146)、住院次数(r=0.139)、复查频率(r=-0.105)是CKD人群心血管健康知识掌握度的影响因素,可解释总变异的51.7%。结论 CKD人群心血管健康知识掌握度处于中等偏下水平,医护人员应当关注CKD人群对心血管健康知识的掌握程度,在早期实施有效干预,提高知识水平,以促进CKD人群心血管健康的一级预防。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current status of cardiovascular health knowledge in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select 225 patients treated in the department of nephrology of a third-class hospital in Beijing from April to June 2023 as the investigation objects. General data questionnaire, disease data questionnaire and the scale of cardiovascular health knowledge for people with CKD were used for investigation. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 219 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate 97.3%. The score of cardiovascular health knowledge mastery in CKD population was (80.3±24.3). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that smoking history[standardized regression coefficient r=-0.122], knowledge of the impact of CKD on cardiovascular health[r=0.327], active viewing or reading of information about cardiovascular disease in the past year[r=0.212], family history of stroke/transient ischemic attack[r=0.144], course of CKD[r=0.146], number of hospitalizations[r=0.139] and frequency of reexamination[r=-0.105] were the influencing factors of mastery of cardiovascular health knowledge in people with CKD, which could explain 51.7% of the total variation. Conclusions The mastery of cardiovascular health knowledge in CKD population is at a lower than medium level. Medical staff should pay attention to the mastery of cardiovascular health knowledge in CKD population, and implement effective prevention at an early stage to improve the knowledge level so as to promote the primary prevention of cardiovascular health in CKD population.
关键词
慢性肾脏病 /
心血管健康 /
知识 /
横断面研究
Key words
chronic kidney disease /
cardiovascular health /
knowledge /
cross-sectional study
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基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0114503)
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