目的 探索军校学员不同足弓形态对足底压力分布、步态生物力学特征的影响。方法 选取某军校74名学员为研究对象,根据足弓高度指数(AHI)分为低足弓组(n=19)、正常足弓组(n=24)、高足弓组(n=31)。所有受试者均接受足底压力测试仪、数字化跑台测试,收集其静态站立位足底各区域压力百分比、步行时空与运动学参数。结果 高足弓组受试者前后足静态压力SI(1.29±0.38)显著高于正常足弓组(1.01±0.29),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);步行过程中,低足弓组触地时间[(0.81±0.07)s]显著高于正常足弓组[(0.79±0.04)s](P<0.05);高足弓组平均重心活动范围百分比(1.63%±0.56%)显著低于正常足弓组(1.95%±0.36%)与低足弓组(2.05%±0.52%),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);高足弓组膝关节最大屈曲角度(51.62°±6.71°)显著低于正常足弓组(56.88°±8.39°),低足弓组躯干侧曲范围(3.36°±0.89°)显著高于高足弓组(2.74°±0.72°),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 高足弓者静止站立时压力负荷相较于正常足弓呈现出更大的偏向前足趋势,不同足弓高度会改变步行时下肢的运动策略。
Abstract
Objective To explore the influence of arch shape on plantar pressure distribution and gait biomechanical characteristics of military cadets. Methods A total of 74 cadets were selected as the study subjects and were divided into low arch group (n=19), normal arch group (n=24), and high arch group (n=31) according to arch height index (AHI). All subjects underwent plantar pressure testing and digital treadmill testing, and pressure percentages in various areas of their static standing position, as well as spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters of walking were collected. Results The static pressure SI of the front and rear feet in the high arch group (1.01±0.29) was significantly higher than that in the normal arch group (1.29±0.38), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). During walking, the contact time of the low arch group [(0.81±0.07)s ]was significantly higher than that of the normal arch group [(0.79±0.04)s] (P<0.05). The percentage of average range of center of gravity in the high arch group (1.63%±0.56%) was significantly lower than that in the normal arch group (1.95%±0.36%) and the low arch group (2.05%±0.52%), with statistical significance (P<0.05). The maximum knee flexion angle in the high arch group (51.62°±6.71°) was significantly lower than that in the normal arch group (56.88°±8.39°), and the range of trunk lateral curvature in the low arch group (3.36°±0.89°) was significantly higher than that in the high arch group (2.74°±0.72°), with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with normal arches, high arched individuals exhibit a greater tendency towards the front foot during static standing, and different arch height can change the lower limb movement strategy.
关键词
足弓高度 /
足底压力 /
生物力学
Key words
foot arch height /
plantar pressure /
biomechanics
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基金
西安市科技计划项目(2022JH-YBYJ-0311);军队某课题资助
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