[1] Alaayedi K. An audit of iron deficiency in hospitalised heart failure patients: a commonly neglected comorbidity [J]. Cureus, 2023, 15(7):e41515. [2] Ras-Jiménez M D M, Ramosolo R, Francesch Manzano J, et al. Soluble transferrin receptor as iron deficiency biomarker: impact on exercise capacity in heart failure patients [J]. J Pers Med, 2023, 13(8):1282. [3] Wang H, Chai K, Du M, et al. Prevalence and incidence of heart failure among urban patients in China: a national population-based analysis [J]. Circ Heart Fail, 2021, 14(10): e008406. [4] Singer C E, Vasile C M, Popescu M, et al. Role of iron deficiency in heart failure—clinical and treatment approach: an overview [J]. Diagnostics, 2023, 13(2):304. [5] Benjamin E J, Virani S S, Callaway C W, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2018 update: a report from the American Heart Association [J]. Circulation, 2018, 137(12) :e67-e492. [6] Jones N R, Roalfe A K, Adoki I, et al. Survival of patients with chronic heart failure in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. Eur J Heart Fail, 2019, 21(11): 1306-1325. [7] Ponikowski P, Mentz R J, Hernandez A F, et al. Efficacy of ferric carboxymaltose in heart failure with iron deficiency: an individual patient data meta-analysis [J]. Eur Heart J, 2023, 44(48): 5077-5091. [8] Suciadi L P, Henrina J, Putra I C S, et al. Chronic heart failure: clinical implications of iron homeostasis disturbances revisited [J]. Cureus, 2022,14(1): e21224. [9] Jankowska E A, Ponikowski P. Iron deficiency in heart failure: a korea-oriented review [J]. Int J Heart Fail, 2023, 5(4) :173-183. [10] Anand I S, Gupta P. Anemia and iron deficiency in heart failure [J]. Circulation, 2018, 138(1): 80-98. [11] Loncar G, Obradovic D, Thiele H, et al. Iron deficiency in heart failure [J]. ESC Heart Fail, 2021, 8(4): 2368-2379. [12] Mcdonagh T A, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2023 focused update of the 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure [J]. Eur Heart J, 2023, 44(37): 3627-3639. [13] Stugiewicz M, Tkaczyszyn M, Kasztur M, et al. The influence of iron deficiency on the functioning of skeletal muscles: experimental evidence and clinical implications [J]. Eur J Heart Fail, 2016, 18(7): 762-773. [14] Camaschella C, Nai A, Silverstri L. Iron metabolism and iron disorders revisited in the hepcidin era [J]. Haematologica, 2020, 105(2): 260-272. [15] Savarese G, von Haehling S, Butler J, et al. Iron deficiency and cardiovascular disease [J]. Eur Heart J, 2023, 44(1): 14-27. [16] Siddiqui S W, Ashok T, Patni N, et al. Anemia and heart failure: a narrative review [J]. Cureus, 2022,14(7): e27167. [17] Xu Y, Alfaro-Magallanes V M, Babitt J L. Physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of hepcidin regulation: clinical implications for iron disorders [J]. Br J Haematol, 2020, 193(5): 882-893. [18] Blindar V N, Dobrovolskaya M M, Khagazheeva M N, et al. The role of interleukin-6 and hepcidin 25 in the pathogenesis of anemic syndrome associated with malignant neoplasms with breast cancer patients before neoadjuvant chemotherapy [J]. Klin Lab Diagn, 2021, 66(3): 147-153. [19] Ueda N, Takasawa K. Impact of inflammation on ferritin, hepcidin and the management of iron deficiency anemia in chronic kidney disease [J]. Nutrients, 2018, 10(9) :1173. [20] SÎrbu O, Floria M, Dascalita P. Anemia in heart failure from guidelines to controversies and challenges [J]. Anatol J Cardiol, 2018, 20(1): 52-59. [21] Corradi F, Masini G, Bucciarelli T, et al. Iron deficiency in myocardial ischaemia: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives [J].Cardiovasc Res, 2023, 119(14): 2405-2420. [22] 任 梅, 李 娟. 铁调素等铁代谢指标和相关红细胞参数在诊断缺铁性贫血中的作用 [J]. 名医, 2023(19): 63-5. [23] Cunha G J L, Rocha B M L, Menezes Falcão L. Iron deficiency in chronic and acute heart failure: a contemporary review on intertwined conditions [J]. Eur J Intern Med, 2018, 52: 1-7. [24] Pasricha S R, Tye-Din J, Muckenthaler M U, et al. Iron deficiency [J]. Lancet, 2021, 397(10270): 233-248. [25] Mcdonagh T A, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure [J]. Eur Heart J, 2021, 42(36): 3599-3726. [26] Heidenreich P A, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on clinical practice guidelines [J]. Circulation, 2022, 145(18):e895-e1032. [27] 中华医学会心血管病学分会,中国医师协会心血管内科医师分会,中国医师协会心力衰竭专业委员会,中华心血管病杂志编辑委员会. 中国心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南2024 [J]. 中华心血管杂志, 2024,52(3): 235-275. [28] Grote Beverborg N, Klip I T, Meijers W C, et al. Definition of iron deficiency based on the gold standard of bone marrow iron staining in heart failure patients [J]. Circ Heart Fail, 2018, 11(2): e004519. [29] 林德奇, 陈金灶, 黄开建. 铁缺乏对慢性心力衰竭患者运动能力和预后的影响 [J]. 心血管病防治知识, 2022, 12(06): 4-7. [30] Sindone A, Doehner W, Manito N, et al. Practical guidance for diagnosing and treating iron deficiency in patients with heart failure: why, who and how? [J]. J Clin Med, 2022, 11(11) :2976. [31] Kao D P, Kreso E, Fonarow G C, et al. Characteristics and outcomes among heart failure patients with anemia and renal insufficiency with and without blood transfusions (public discharge data from California 2000-2006) [J]. Am J Cardiol, 2011, 107(1): 69-73. [32] Chopra V K, Anker S D. Anaemia, iron deficiency and heart failure in 2020: facts and numbers [J]. ESC Heart Fail, 2020, 7(5): 2007-2011. [33] Beavers C J, Ambrosy A P, Butler J, et al. Iron deficiency in heart failure: a scientific statement from the Heart Failure Society of America [J]. J Card Fail, 2023, 29(7): 1059-1077. [34] Song Z, Tang M, Tang G, et al. Oral iron supplementation in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J]. ESC Heart Fail, 2022, 9(5): 2779-2786. [35] van Veldhuisen D J, Ponikowski P, van der Meer P, et al. Effect of ferric carboxymaltose on exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency [J]. Circulation, 2017, 136(15): 1374-1383. [36] Gosavi R, Jadhav N B, Nashte A. Intravenous iron technique evaluation in chronic heart failure with iron deficiency anemia [J]. Cureus, 2023. [37] Nikolaou M, Chrysohoou C, Georgilas T A, et al. Management of iron deficiency in chronic heart failure: practical considerations for clinical use and future directions [J]. Eur J Intern Med, 2019, 65: 17-25.