[1] Li L, Li G, Rao B, et al. Landscape of immune checkpoint inhibitorrelated adverse events in chinese population[J]. Sci Rep, 2020,10(1):15567. [2] Darnell E P, Mooradian M J, Baruch E N, et al. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs): diagnosis,management,and clinical pearls[J]. Curr Oncol Rep, 2020,22(4):39. [3] National Cancer Institute. Common terminology criteria for adverse events(CTCAE)Version5.0[S]. U.S.Department of Health and Human Services, 2017. [4] Schneider B J, Naidoo J, Santomasso B D, et al. Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: ASCO guideline update[J]. J Clin Oncol, 2021,39(36):4073-4126. [5] Wang D Y, Ye F, Zhao S, et al. Incidence of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis in solid tumor patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Oncoimmunology, 2017,6(10):e1344805. [6] Soularue E, Lepage P, Colombel J F, et al. Enterocolitis due to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review[J]. Gut, 2018,67(11):2056-2067. [7] Haanen J B, Carbonnel F, Robert C, et al.Management of toxicities from immunotherapy:ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis,treatment and follow-up[J]. Ann Oncol, 2017,28 (Suppl-4): iv119-iv142. [8] Yasuda Y, Urata Y, Tohnai R, et al. Immune-related colitis induced by the long-term use of nivolumab in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer[J]. Intern Med, 2018,57(9):1269-1272. [9] Chen J H, Pezhouh M K, Lauwers G Y, et al. Histopathologic features of colitis due to immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibodies[J]. Am J Surg Pathol, 2017,41(5):643-654. [10] Cheung V T F, Gupta T, Olsson B A, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis assessment and prognosis: can IBD scoring point the way?[J]. Br J Cancer, 2020,123(2):207-215. [11] Khoja L, Day D, Chen T, et al. Tumour- and class-specific patterns of immunerelated adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review[J]. Ann Oncol, 2017,28(10):2377-2385. [12] Marthey L, Mateus C, Mussini C, et al. Cancer immunotherapy with anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies induces an inflammatory bowel disease[J]. J Crohns Colitis, 2016,10(4):395-401. [13] Betof A S, Nipp R D, Giobbie H A, et al. Impact of age on outcomes with immunotherapy for patients with melanoma[J]. Oncologist, 2017,22(8):963-971. [14] Baandrup L, Hauggaard A, Winberg B H, et al. Neutropenic enterocolitis during first-line chemotherapy with carboplatin and etoposide in small cell lung cancer[J]. Acta Oncol, 2011,50(3): 465-467. [15] Masciullo V, Mainenti S, Lorusso D, et al. Lethal clostridium difficile colitis associated with paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy in ovarian carcinoma: case report and review of the literature[J]. Obstet Gynecol Int, 2010:749-789. [16] Thompson J A, Schneider B J, Brahmer J, et al. Management of immunotherapy-related toxicities, version 1.2022, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology[J]. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2022,20(4):387-405. [17] Haanen J, Obeid M, Spain L, et al. Management of toxicities from immunotherapy: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up[J]. Ann Oncol, 2022,33(12):1217-1238. [18] 中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO).中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO)免疫检查点抑制剂相关的毒性管理指南2023[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2023:123. [19] Brahmer J R, Abu-Sbeih H, Ascierto P A, et al. Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events[J].J Immunother Cancer, 2021,99(6):e002435. [20] Dolladille C, Ederhy S, Sassier M, et al.Immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after immune-related adverse eve,nts in patients with cancer[J]. JAMA Oncol, 2020,6(6):865-871. [21] Santini F C, Rizvi H, Plodkowski A J, et al. Safety and efficacy of re-treating with immunotherapy after immune-related adverse events in patients with NSCLC[J]. Cancer Immunol Res, 2018,6(9):1093-1099. [22] Malet A, Antoni G, Collins M, et al. Evolution and recurrence of gastrointestinal immune-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2019,106(1):106-114.