目的 探讨新时期新兵心理适应的特点及其影响因素。方法 整群抽样法选取新兵1390人为研究对象,采用部队新兵心理适应量表及简版正念五因素量表、简版情绪调节困难量表、知觉压力量表及人际关系能力问卷进行调查,对新兵心理适应进行潜在剖面分析,并进行单因素分析和多项式logistic回归分析探讨新兵心理适应的潜在类别的影响因素。结果 新兵心理适应可分为“高适应-平衡组”（57%）、“中等适应组”（36%）和“低适应-身心症状组”（7%）三个潜在类别;正念五因素水平、情绪调节困难程度、知觉压力水平及人际关系能力均对新兵心理适应有预测作用（P<0.05）。结论 正念五因素水平、情绪调节困难程度、知觉压力水平及人际关系能力四个心理因素可以预测新兵个体的心理适应性,进行精确分类有助于开展针对性的心理训练,引导新兵快速适应部队环境。
Abstract
Objective To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of psychological adaptation among new recruits of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force in the new era. Methods A total of 1390 new recruits from a certain unit of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force were selected using cluster sampling. Psychological Adaptation Scale for Military Recruits,the Brief Form of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire （FFMQ-SF）,Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-16 （DERS-16）, Perceived Stress Scale （CPSS）and Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire （ICQ）were used for the investigation. Latent profile analysis was conducted on the psychological adaptation of the new recruits,supplemented by univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis to identify its influencing factors. Results Psychological adaptation patterns were classified into three latent profiles： high adaptation-balanced group （57%）, moderate adaptation group （36%） and low adaptation-physiopsychological symptom group（7%）. The levels of the five facets of mindfulness, emotional regulation difficulties, perceived stress, and interpersonal competence all had predictive effects on the psychological adaptation （P < 0.05）. Conclusions Four psychological factors （the levels of the five facets of mindfulness, emotional regulation difficulties,perceived stress and interpersonal competence） can predict the psychological adaptability of the individuals of new recruits.. Accurate classification enables targeted psychological training to facilitate rapid environmental adaptation.
关键词
心理适应 /
新兵 /
影响因素 /
剖面分析
Key words
psychological adaptation /
new recruits of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force /
influencing factors /
profile analysis
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 王蕊. 部队新兵适应性问卷的编制与施测[D].沈阳:沈阳师范大学,2010.
[2] 练卉,吴翔宇. 入伍新兵心理健康筛查与终极鉴定结果分析[J]. 华南国防医学杂志, 2022, 36(5): 393-395.
[3] 甘景梨. 新兵适应障碍评估与干预专家共识[J]. 联勤军事医学, 2024, 38(12): 1005-1010.
[4] Nye C D, White L A, Horgen K, et al. Predictors of attitudes and performance in U.S. Army recruiters: does personality matter?[J]. Mil Psychol, 2020, 32(1): 81-90.
[5] 刘玉,刘笑彤,杨烨,等. 问题管理家( PM + )心理训练对集训期新兵心理适应能力提升的干预研究[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2022, 20(44): 2120-2128.
[6] 张一苇,彭李,许辰,等. 新兵知觉压力与认知灵活性、生活满意度的关系及正念认知干预研究[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2024, 46(10): 1180-1186.
[7] 卜丹冉,张春青,刘靖东,等. 正念与精英运动员心理健康的关系:经验接受、去自我中心和认知解离的并行中介作用[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2024, 43(9): 719-729.
[8] Daniel S, Andreas H, Mo W,et al. Latent profile analysis: a review and“how to”guide of its application within vocational behavior research[J]. J Voc Behav, 2020, 120.
[9] Park E H, jon D I, Hong H J,et al. Latent classes based on clinical symptoms of military recruits with mental health issues and their clinical responses to treatment over 12 months[J]. Eur Psychiatry, 2024, 67(S1): S270.
[10] 李美佳,许辰,吴亮,等. 正念养育课程对青少年的母亲养育倦怠和亲子关系的影响研究[J]. 重庆医学, 2024, 53(8): 1162-1166.
[11] 沈金娇,王国猛,郭文. 简版情绪调节困难量表在中国大学生群体中的信效度[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2021, 29(5): 956-961.
[12] 王英春,邹泓,屈智勇.人际关系能力问卷(ICQ)在初中生中的初步修订[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2006,(5):306-308.
[13] Ferguson S L, Moore W G, Hull D M.Finding latent groups in observed data: a primer on latent profile analysis in mplus for applied researchers[J]. Int J Behav Dev, 2020, 44(5): 458-468.
[14] 彭璐媛,雷辉,朱强. 某部新兵情绪调节策略对军训应激后成长的影响[J]. 武警医学, 2024, 35(1): 44-47, 52.
[15] 曹振宇,刘莉,王乾宇,等. 团体心理辅导对新兵自我效能感的干预效果研究[J]. 职业与健康, 2022, 38(11): 1528-1531, 1535.
[16] Bin N K, Kang H S, Park J.Meaning-making while staying connected matters in psychological adaptation during pandemic: a longitudinal moderated mediation study[J]. Front Psychol, 2024, 15.
[17] 韩汶洋,马晶,单墨水. 新兵心理弹性对知觉压力与心理适应关系的中介作用[J]. 华南国防医学杂志, 2019, 33(5): 342-345.
[18] Polusny M A,Marquardt C A, Campbell E H,et al. Advancing Research on Mechanisms of Resilience (ARMOR) longitudinal cohort Study of new military recruits: results from a feasibility pilot study.[J]. Res Hum Dev, 2021,18(3): 212-229.
[19] 杨珍芝. 青少年情绪调节困难对问题性手机使用的影响及自我关怀干预研究[D]. 广州:广州大学, 2024.
[20] Vasyuk A G.Features of military personnel adaptation in modern conditions of army service[J]. Sama J Sci, 2021, 10(2): 234-237.
[21] 刘笑彤,刘玉,杨烨,等. 叙事团体心理训练对集训期新兵心理适应的干预研究[J]. 陆军军医大学学报, 2022, 44(22): 2340-2345.
[22] Tineke H, Zuidema P M, Pennings H J M. Quality of life, psychosocial characteristics, and study skills affecting recruits’ intention to quit basic military training[J]. Mil Psychol, 2023, 35(5): 467-479.
[23] Liu L, Li T, Jing J, et al. Effect of an online mindfulness-based stress reduction iIntervention on postpandemic era nurses’ subjective well-being, job burnout, and psychological adaptation[J].Holist Nurs Pract, 2023, 37(5): 244-252.
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目（19BSH132）
PDF(3347 KB)
